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Shloka 9

The Origin of the Daṇḍaka Forest and Rāma’s Dharma-Judgment

Vulture vs. Owl

अपराधिषु यो दंडः पात्यते मानवैरिह । स दंडो विधिवन्मुक्तः स्वर्गं नयति पार्थिवम्

aparādhiṣu yo daṃḍaḥ pātyate mānavairiha | sa daṃḍo vidhivanmuktaḥ svargaṃ nayati pārthivam

Die Strafe, die Menschen hier über Übeltäter verhängen—wenn sie nach rechter Vorschrift verhängt und erlassen wird—diese Strafe führt den König in den Himmel.

अपराधिषुamong offenders
अपराधिषु:
Adhikaraṇa (Locus/अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootअपराधिन् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग; सप्तमी (7th/locative), बहुवचन
यःwhich/that (punishment)
यः:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा, एकवचन; सम्बन्धसूचक (relative pronoun)
दण्डःpunishment
दण्डः:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootदण्ड (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा, एकवचन
पात्यतेis inflicted
पात्यते:
Kriyā (Main verb/क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√पत् (धातु) (णिच् causative: पातयति)
Formलट् (present), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; आत्मनेपद; कर्मणि प्रयोग (passive: ‘is inflicted’)
मानवैःby men
मानवैः:
Kartr̥ (Agent in passive/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootमानव (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग; तृतीया, बहुवचन
इहhere (in this world)
इह:
Deśa (Locative adverbial/देश)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइह (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; देशवाचक (adverb of place)
सःthat
सः:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा, एकवचन
दण्डःpunishment
दण्डः:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootदण्ड (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा, एकवचन
विधिवत्properly, according to law
विधिवत्:
Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (Adverbial modifier/क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootविधिवत् (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; प्रकारवाचक (adverb: ‘according to rule’)
मुक्तःadministered/released (i.e., applied)
मुक्तः:
Viśeṣaṇa (Adjectival modifier/विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Root√मुच् (धातु) → मुक्त (कृदन्त)
Formभूतकर्मणि कृदन्त (past passive participle); पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; विशेषण (of दण्डः)
स्वर्गम्to heaven
स्वर्गम्:
Karma (Object/कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootस्वर्ग (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग; द्वितीया, एकवचन
नयतिleads
नयति:
Kriyā (Main verb/क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√नी (धातु)
Formलट् (present), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपद
पार्थिवम्the king/earthly ruler
पार्थिवम्:
Karma (Object/कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootपार्थिव (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग; द्वितीया, एकवचन

Unspecified (context not provided in input; likely a narrator or a senior interlocutor in the chapter’s dialogue)

Concept: Daṇḍa administered and remitted according to rule (vidhivat) becomes meritorious karma, elevating the king to heaven.

Application: Use authority with procedure: investigate, apply proportionate consequences, and also ‘release’/remit punishment when justice is satisfied.

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: vira

Type: celestial_realm

Visual Art Cues: {"scene_description":"A king sits in judgment with calm eyes, a scroll of law beside him, while an offender is disciplined without cruelty. Above, a faint celestial pathway opens—clouds parting—hinting that lawful justice itself becomes a merit-bearing rite leading to svarga.","primary_figures":["King (pārthiva)","Elder counselor","Offender (repentant)","Celestial messenger (subtle, in clouds)"],"setting":"court of justice with pillars, dharma-emblem, and a public square visible beyond","lighting_mood":"temple lamp-lit","color_palette":["smoky grey","lamp gold","crimson","teal","white jasmine"],"tanjore_prompt":"Tanjore painting style: king on lion-throne holding a scepter, counselor pointing to a dharma-scroll, offender kneeling; gold leaf used for halos and the opening celestial clouds; rich reds and greens, ornate jewelry, symmetrical composition.","pahari_prompt":"Pahari miniature style: nuanced courtroom drama with gentle restraint—no gore, only symbolic discipline; soft blues and greys, delicate architecture, a small celestial figure in the sky, refined expressions.","kerala_mural_prompt":"Kerala mural style: stylized justice scene with bold outlines, king’s composed face, symbolic staff of daṇḍa, warm pigments, decorative border with lotus and conch motifs, celestial opening rendered as patterned cloud forms.","pichwai_prompt":"Pichwai cloth painting style: allegorical court scene framed by lotus borders; above, stylized svarga clouds and apsara silhouettes; deep indigo background with gold highlights; intricate floral fillers."}

Audio Atmosphere: {"recitation_mood":"meditative","suggested_raga":"Bhairavi","pace":"slow-meditative","voice_tone":"serene","sound_elements":["low tanpura","soft bell chimes","distant conch","silence between phrases"]}

Sandhi Resolution Notes: मानवैर्हि = मानवैः + इह (विसर्गलोप/रेफसन्धि); दंडो = दण्डः + (अ/ओ संधि) in metrical form; वधिवन्मुक्तः = विधिवत् + मुक्तः (त् + म् → न्म्).

FAQs

It teaches that punishment must follow proper rule and procedure (vidhivat); justice administered lawfully becomes a merit-bearing duty rather than mere violence.

Because enforcing dharma through fair, regulated justice is presented as a righteous obligation of kingship (rājadharma), generating spiritual merit when done correctly.

No. The emphasis is on lawful, disciplined administration and proper release/remission (muktaḥ) according to rules—suggesting restraint, proportionality, and due process.