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Shloka 48

The Episode of Cyavana

Cyavana’s Hermitage and the Power of Tapas

मृगा आगत्य तस्यांगे कंडूं विदधुरुत्सुकाः । न किंचित्स हि जानाति दुर्वारतपसावृतः

mṛgā āgatya tasyāṃge kaṃḍūṃ vidadhurutsukāḥ | na kiṃcitsa hi jānāti durvāratapasāvṛtaḥ

Die Hirsche kamen eifrig herbei und begannen den Juckreiz an seinem Leib zu kratzen; denn er, von unwiderstehlicher Askese umhüllt, nahm überhaupt nichts wahr.

मृगाःdeer
मृगाः:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootमृग (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन
आगत्यhaving come
आगत्य:
Purvakala (Prior action/पूर्वकाल)
TypeVerb
Rootआ + √गम् (धातु)
Formक्त्वा-प्रत्ययान्त अव्ययकृदन्त (gerund/absolutive)
तस्यof him
तस्य:
Sambandha (Genitive relation/सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग, षष्ठी-विभक्ति (6th/Genitive), एकवचन; सर्वनाम
अङ्गेon the body
अङ्गे:
Adhikarana (Location/अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootअङ्ग (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति (7th/Locative), एकवचन
कण्डूम्itching/scratching (relief)
कण्डूम्:
Karma (Object/कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootकण्डू (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन
विदधुःthey caused/made
विदधुः:
Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootवि + √धा (धातु)
Formलिट्-लकार (Perfect), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), बहुवचन; परस्मैपद
उत्सुकाःeager
उत्सुकाः:
Karta (Subject attribute/कर्ता-विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootउत्सुक (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन
not
:
Pratishedha (Negation/निषेध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; निषेध (negation particle)
किञ्चित्anything
किञ्चित्:
Karma (Object/कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootकिञ्चित् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन; अनिश्चित/अल्पार्थक सर्वनाम
सःhe
सः:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; सर्वनाम
हिindeed/for
हि:
Sambandha/Emphasis (Nipata/निपात)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; निपात (emphatic particle)
जानातिknows
जानाति:
Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√ज्ञा (धातु)
Formलट्-लकार (Present), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन; परस्मैपद
दुर्वारतपसाby irresistible austerity
दुर्वारतपसा:
Karana (Instrument/करण)
TypeNoun
Rootदुर्वार + तपस् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति (3rd/Instrumental), एकवचन; समासः—तत्पुरुष (दुर्वार-तपस् = irresistible austerity)
आवृतःcovered/engulfed
आवृतः:
Karta (Subject attribute/कर्ता-विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootआवृत (कृदन्त; आ + √वृ (धातु) + क्त)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; भूतकर्मणि कृदन्त (PPP)

Narrator (contextual; within the Pulastya–Bhīṣma dialogue frame typical of the Pātāla-khaṇḍa)

Concept: Tapas can so absorb consciousness that bodily sensation and external disturbance no longer register; true austerity implies mastery over the senses.

Application: Cultivate focused sādhana (japa, vrata discipline, regulated habits) so attention is not hijacked by minor discomforts or distractions.

Primary Rasa: adbhuta

Secondary Rasa: shanta

Type: forest

Visual Art Cues: {"scene_description":"In a silent forest clearing, an ascetic sits utterly motionless, eyes half-closed, his body wrapped in the aura of austerity. A small group of deer, unafraid, step close and gently scratch an itch on his arm and shoulder, as if serving a living shrine; the air shimmers with restrained spiritual heat.","primary_figures":["a tapasvin (ascetic sage)","deer (mṛga-gaṇa)"],"setting":"dense forest hermitage edge, kusa grass seat, scattered fallen leaves, distant ant-hills and tree roots, faint smoke from an unseen sacrificial fire","lighting_mood":"forest dappled","color_palette":["deep sal green","earth umber","saffron ochre","smoke gray","antler ivory"],"tanjore_prompt":"Tanjore painting style: a serene ascetic seated in padmāsana on a small kusa mat, deer clustered reverently at his side scratching his arm, halo-like tapas radiance behind his head, ornate gold-leaf aura patterns, rich maroon and emerald background, gem-studded minimal ornaments on the deer collars (symbolic), traditional South Indian iconographic symmetry, temple-like framing border.","pahari_prompt":"Pahari miniature style: delicate forest clearing with layered Himalayan-style foliage, a still sage with soft refined features, deer rendered with lyrical naturalism nuzzling and scratching his arm, cool greens and browns, thin white highlights suggesting spiritual shimmer, distant stream hinted, airy negative space conveying silence.","kerala_mural_prompt":"Kerala mural style: bold black outlines, the ascetic with large expressive eyes half-closed, deer in stylized poses touching his arm, warm red-ochre ground with green foliage bands, a circular tapas aura in yellow and white, temple-wall aesthetic with decorative vine borders.","pichwai_prompt":"Pichwai cloth painting style: central seated ascetic as a sanctified figure, deer arranged symmetrically like attendants, intricate floral borders with lotus and tulasi motifs (symbolic), deep indigo background with gold detailing, peacocks at corners, fine textile-like patterning emphasizing devotional stillness."}

Audio Atmosphere: {"recitation_mood":"meditative","suggested_raga":"Bhairavi","pace":"slow-meditative","voice_tone":"serene","sound_elements":["forest birds at distance","soft wind through leaves","near-silence","occasional deer hoof rustle"]}

Sandhi Resolution Notes: तस्यांगे = तस्य + अङ्गे (अ + अ → आ). विदधुरुत्सुकाः = विदधुः + उत्सुकाः (विसर्ग-लोप). किंचित्स = किञ्चित् + सः (त् + स → त्स). दुर्वारतपसावृतः = दुर्वारतपसा + आवृतः (आ + आ → आ; संधिलेखनेन संयुक्त).

FAQs

It depicts the depth of an ascetic’s absorption in tapas: even bodily sensations and external touch (here, deer scratching an itch) do not register in his awareness.

Deer function as a natural, forest setting detail and as a contrast to the ascetic’s inner stillness—living beings interact with his body, yet his mind remains fixed in austerity.

It highlights steadiness and detachment: spiritual discipline can become so unwavering that ordinary discomforts and distractions lose their power over the practitioner.