Shloka 35

The Glory of the Divine Name and the Doctrine of Name-Offenses

Nāma-aparādha

Devanagari script

आसनं तु तथा दद्यात्पुष्पमाल्यं तपोधन । वित्तशाठ्यं न कुर्वीत दानं हीनफलं यतः

Transliteration

āsanaṃ tu tathā dadyātpuṣpamālyaṃ tapodhana | vittaśāṭhyaṃ na kurvīta dānaṃ hīnaphalaṃ yataḥ

Translation

Ebenso soll man einen Sitz und Blumengirlanden darreichen, o Reicher an Askese. Man soll beim Vermögen keinen Betrug üben, denn eine Gabe bringt dann nur geringe Frucht.

Word by Word

• आसनम्: a seat
• आसनम्: Karma (कर्म/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: आसन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन

• तु: and, moreover
• तु: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तु (अव्यय)
• Form: निपात (particle), अन्वय/विरोधार्थ

• तथा: likewise
• तथा: Prakara (प्रकार/Adverbial)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तथा (अव्यय)
• Form: क्रियाविशेषण-अव्यय (adverb): 'in that manner/also'

• दद्यात्: should give
• दद्यात्: Kriya (क्रिया/Verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: दा (धातु)
• Form: विधिलिङ् (Optative), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन; परस्मैपद

• पुष्प-माल्यम्: a garland of flowers
• पुष्प-माल्यम्: Karma (कर्म/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पुष्प (प्रातिपदिक) + माल्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन; समासः—पुष्पाणां माल्यम् (षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष)

• तपोधन: O ascetic (whose wealth is tapas)
• तपोधन: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन/Address)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तपस् (प्रातिपदिक) + धन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन (Vocative), एकवचन; बहुव्रीहिः—तपः धनं यस्य सः (one whose wealth is austerity)

• वित्त-शाठ्यम्: deceit regarding wealth
• वित्त-शाठ्यम्: Karma (कर्म/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वित्त (प्रातिपदिक) + शाठ्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन; समासः—वित्ते शाठ्यम् / वित्तविषयकं शाठ्यम् (सप्तमी/तत्पुरुष sense)

• न: not
• न: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Negator)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न (अव्यय)
• Form: निषेधार्थक-अव्यय (negation)

• कुर्वीत: should do
• कुर्वीत: Kriya (क्रिया/Verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: कृ (धातु)
• Form: विधिलिङ् (Optative), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन; आत्मनेपद

• दानम्: a gift/charity
• दानम्: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: दान (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन

• हीन-फलम्: of diminished result
• हीन-फलम्: Visheshana (विशेषण/Predicate adjective)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: हीन (प्रातिपदिक) + फल (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; कर्मधारयः—हीनं फलम् (a deficient fruit/result)

• यतः: because
• यतः: Hetu (हेतु/Cause)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: यतः (अव्यय)
• Form: हेतुवाचक-अव्यय (causal indeclinable): 'because/since'

Speaker

Unspecified (narrative instruction; addressed to an ascetic: 'tapodhana')

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: karuna

Sandhi Resolution Notes

Sandhi Resolution Notes: दद्यात्पुष्पमाल्यम् → दद्यात् + पुष्प-माल्यम्.

FAQs

What acts of hospitality are recommended in this verse?

It recommends offering an āsana (seat) and puṣpamālya (flower-garlands) as part of respectful reception and giving.

What is the ethical warning given about charity (dāna)?

The verse warns against vittaśāṭhya—deceit or dishonesty concerning wealth—because such giving produces only diminished spiritual merit.

What is the core moral lesson of this shloka?

Generosity should be accompanied by integrity; outward gifts without honesty reduce the true fruit of dāna.