Shloka 4

The Glory of Charity: Land-Gifts, Śālagrāma Donation, and Food–Water as Supreme Gifts

Devanagari script

पृथिव्यां जन्म चासाद्य सार्वभौमस्ततो नृपः । महीं सर्वां चिरं भुक्त्वा व्रजेद्वै श्रीहरेर्गृहम्

Transliteration

pṛthivyāṃ janma cāsādya sārvabhaumastato nṛpaḥ | mahīṃ sarvāṃ ciraṃ bhuktvā vrajedvai śrīharergṛham

Translation

Nachdem er auf Erden geboren wurde, wird jener König ein Weltherrscher; nachdem er lange die ganze Erde genossen hat, geht er wahrlich in die Wohnstatt Śrī Haris ein.

Word by Word

• पृथिव्याम्: on earth
• पृथिव्याम्: Adhikarana (Location/अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पृथिवी (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति (अधिकरण), एकवचन — Feminine, Locative, Singular

• जन्म: birth
• जन्म: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: जन्मन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन — Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• च: and
• च: Avyaya (Connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयार्थक-अव्यय (conjunction) — Indeclinable conjunction

• आसाद्य: having obtained
• आसाद्य: Purvakala-kriya (Prior action)
• Type: Verb
• Root: आ-√सद् (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वान्त (absolutive/gerund) — having attained/obtained

• सार्वभौमः: a universal sovereign
• सार्वभौमः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सार्वभौम (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन — Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• ततः: then, thereafter
• ततः: Avyaya (Temporal/Logical)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ततः (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; क्रम/हेतु/अनन्तरार्थ (thereafter/from that) — Indeclinable adverb

• नृपः: king
• नृपः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: नृप (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; ‘सार्वभौमः’ इत्यस्य समानाधिकरणम् — Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• महीम्: the earth
• महीम्: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मही (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन — Feminine, Accusative, Singular

• सर्वाम्: entire
• सर्वाम्: Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सर्व (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; ‘महीम्’ इत्यस्य विशेषणम् — Feminine, Accusative, Singular

• चिरम्: for a long time
• चिरम्: Avyaya (Temporal/काल)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: चिरम् (अव्यय/नपुंसक-प्रयोग)
• Form: कालवाचक-अव्यय (for a long time) — Indeclinable adverb of time

• भुक्त्वा: having enjoyed/ruled
• भुक्त्वा: Purvakala-kriya (Prior action)
• Type: Verb
• Root: भुज् (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वान्त (absolutive/gerund) — having enjoyed/ruled

• व्रजेत्: should go
• व्रजेत्: Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: व्रज् (धातु)
• Form: विधिलिङ् (Optative), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन — Optative, 3rd person, Singular

• वै: indeed
• वै: Avyaya (Emphasis)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: वै (अव्यय)
• Form: निश्चयार्थक-अव्यय (indeed) — Indeclinable particle

• श्रीहरेः: of Śrī Hari
• श्रीहरेः: Sambandha (Genitive relation)
• Type: Noun
• Root: श्रीहरि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी-विभक्ति (सम्बन्ध), एकवचन — Masculine, Genitive, Singular

• गृहम्: home, abode
• गृहम्: Karma (Goal/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: गृह (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; गन्तव्य-स्थानम् — Neuter, Accusative, Singular

Speaker

Unspecified (narratorial/teaching voice within the chapter context)

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: vira

Secondary Rasa: shanta

Geographic Context

Type: celestial_realm

Sandhi Resolution Notes

Sandhi Resolution Notes: चासाद्य = च + आसाद्य; सार्वभौमस्ततो = सार्वभौमः + ततः; श्रीहरेर्गृहम् = श्रीहरेः + गृहम्

Characters & Entities

• Śrī Hari (Viṣṇu)

FAQs

What is the main teaching of this verse?

It links righteous worldly sovereignty with a higher end: after long rule and enjoyment of the earth, the ideal destiny is to reach Śrī Hari’s abode (liberation through divine grace).

Does “bhuktvā” imply mere sensual enjoyment or kingship duties?

In this royal context, “bhuktvā” commonly includes governing/possessing and enjoying the kingdom—i.e., exercising sovereignty—rather than only sensual indulgence.

What ethical lesson does this verse suggest for rulers and householders?

Worldly power and prosperity are not the final goal; one should fulfill duties over time and ultimately orient life toward devotion and liberation in Viṣṇu/Śrī Hari.