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Shloka 33

Śikṣā-nirūpaṇa (Exposition of Discipline): Son’s Marriage, Paternal Duty, and Royal Administration

गृहान्निष्क्रमणं स्त्रीणां मास्तु राज्ये मदीयके । मा सकेशा हि विधवा मास्त्वकेशा मभर्तृका ॥ ३३ ॥

gṛhānniṣkramaṇaṃ strīṇāṃ māstu rājye madīyake | mā sakeśā hi vidhavā māstvakeśā mabhartṛkā || 33 ||

„In meinem Reich soll es für Frauen kein Hinausgehen aus dem Haus geben. Keine Witwe soll mit ungeschorenem Haar verbleiben, und keine Frau ohne Gatten soll mit ungeschorenem Haar verbleiben.“

gṛhātfrom the house
gṛhāt:
Apādāna (अपादान)
TypeNoun
Rootgṛha (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNapumsaka, Pañcamī (पञ्चमी) Ekavacana
niṣkramaṇamgoing out
niṣkramaṇam:
Kartā (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootniṣ+kram (क्रम् धातु) → niṣkramaṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNapumsaka, Prathamā Ekavacana; action-noun (भाव) ‘going out’
strīṇāmof women
strīṇām:
Ṣaṣṭhī-sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootstrī (प्रातिपदिक)
FormStrīliṅga, Ṣaṣṭhī Bahuvacana
let not
:
Pratiṣedha (प्रतिषेध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootmā (अव्यय)
FormNiṣedhārtha particle used with imperative/optative (prohibitive)
astube
astu:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootas (अस् धातु)
FormLoṭ (लोट्, Imperative), Prathama-puruṣa Ekavacana, parasmaipada
rājyein the kingdom
rājye:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootrājya (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNapumsaka, Saptamī Ekavacana
madīyakein my (kingdom)
madīyake:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootmadīyaka (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNapumsaka, Saptamī Ekavacana; possessive adjective ‘my/pertaining to me’ agreeing with rājye
let not
:
Pratiṣedha (प्रतिषेध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootmā (अव्यय)
FormProhibitive particle
sa-keśāwith hair (not shaven)
sa-keśā:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootsa (अव्यय/उपसर्ग-सदृश) + keśa (प्रातिपदिक)
FormStrīliṅga, Prathamā Ekavacana; bahuvrīhi—‘yasya keśāḥ santi sā’ (one who has hair)
hiindeed/for
hi:
Sambandha (connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Roothi (अव्यय)
FormAvadhāraṇa/hetu-nipāta
vidhavāwidow
vidhavā:
Kartā (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootvidhavā (प्रातिपदिक)
FormStrīliṅga, Prathamā Ekavacana
let not
:
Pratiṣedha (प्रतिषेध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootmā (अव्यय)
FormProhibitive particle
astube
astu:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootas (अस् धातु)
FormLoṭ (Imperative), Prathama-puruṣa Ekavacana, parasmaipada; in text as mā+astu → māstu
a-keśāhairless/shaven
a-keśā:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Roota- (नञ्) + keśa (प्रातिपदिक)
FormStrīliṅga, Prathamā Ekavacana; nañ-tatpuruṣa—‘keśa-rahitā’ (without hair)
let not
:
Pratiṣedha (प्रतिषेध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootmā (अव्यय)
FormProhibitive particle
bhartṛkāhaving a husband
bhartṛkā:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootbhartṛ (प्रातिपदिक) + ka (प्रातिपदिक-प्रत्यय)
FormStrīliṅga, Prathamā Ekavacana; possessive adjective ‘having a husband’ (often in compound sabhartṛkā)

Unspecified (a king/ruler speaking within the narrative context of Uttara-Bhaga)

Vrata: none

Primary Rasa: raudra

Secondary Rasa: bhayanaka

FAQs

It reflects a rajadharma-style injunction where a ruler seeks to enforce social control and austerity-based norms; spiritually, it highlights how worldly governance can emphasize external regulation, contrasting with the Purana’s broader aim of elevating conduct toward dharma and ultimately devotion.

Direct bhakti is not taught in this line; instead, it shows a governance-focused mindset. In the Narada Purana’s wider frame, such external rules are subordinate to inner purification—best fulfilled through Vishnu-bhakti, which transforms character beyond mere social compulsion.

No explicit Vedanga (like Vyakarana, Jyotisha, or Kalpa ritual procedure) is taught here; the verse functions more as a dharmic/social injunction within rajadharma rather than a technical Vedanga instruction.