Shloka 13

Adhyaya 59 — Markandeya and Vishnu

Sanskrit

विशोको वर्धमानश्च सप्तैते कुलपर्वताः ।

अन्ये सहस्रशः शैला येषु लोकगणः स्थितः ॥

Transliteration

viśoko vardhamānaśca saptaite kulaparvatāḥ | anye sahasraśaḥ śailā yeṣu lokagaṇaḥ sthitaḥ ||

Translation

Viśoka und Vardhamāna—diese sieben—sind die Sippenberge (kulaparvata). Außerdem gibt es Tausende anderer Berge, auf denen Scharen von Wesen wohnen.

Word by Word

• viśokaḥ: Viśoka (a mountain)
• viśokaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: viśoka (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन); proper name (पर्वतनाम)

• vardhamānaḥ: Vardhamāna (a mountain)
• vardhamānaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vardhamāna (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन); proper name (पर्वतनाम)

• ca: and
• ca: Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: Avyaya (अव्यय), conjunction (समुच्चयबोधक)

• sapta: seven
• sapta: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: sapta (संख्या-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Numeral adjective (संख्याविशेषण), indeclinable-like in form; qualifying 'ete kulaparvatāḥ'

• ete: these
• ete: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: etad (एतद् सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Plural (बहुवचन); demonstrative pronoun (सर्वनाम)

• kula-parvatāḥ: chief mountains
• kula-parvatāḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: kula (प्रातिपदिक) + parvata (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Plural (बहुवचन); tatpuruṣa (तत्पुरुष) 'kulasya parvatāḥ' = principal/family mountains

• anye: others
• anye: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: anya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Plural (बहुवचन)

• sahasraśaḥ: by thousands
• sahasraśaḥ: Adverbial (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: sahasraśas (अव्यय-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Avyaya (अव्यय), adverb (क्रियाविशेषण): distributive 'by thousands/in thousands'

• śailāḥ: mountains
• śailāḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: śaila (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Plural (बहुवचन)

• yeṣu: in which
• yeṣu: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: yad (यद् सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Locative (7th/सप्तमी), Plural (बहुवचन); relative pronoun (सर्वनाम) referring to śailāḥ

• loka-gaṇaḥ: multitude of people
• loka-gaṇaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: loka (प्रातिपदिक) + gaṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन); tatpuruṣa (तत्पुरुष) 'lokānāṃ gaṇaḥ'

• sthitaḥ: is situated; stands
• sthitaḥ: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: sthā (स्था धातु)
• Form: Kṛdanta past passive participle (क्त/क्तप्रत्यय), Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन); used predicatively with loka-gaṇaḥ

Speakers

• Frame narrator (Purāṇic rishi voice) describing sacred geography

Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "shanta", "secondaryRasa": "adbhuta", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Key Themes

• Cosmology
• Sacred Geography
• Inhabited Worlds

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

The cosmos is portrayed as layered habitats: principal ‘support’ mountains (kulaparvatas) and innumerable secondary peaks, emphasizing plurality within cosmic order.

How does this fit the Pancalakshana (5 characteristics)?

Sthāna (the arrangement of realms and supports), with a descriptive purāṇic catalog style.

What is the esoteric significance?

Kulaparvatas can be read as ‘pillars’ of a subtle body of the world—stable axes around which life and experience are distributed.