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Shloka 1

Adhyaya 56The Descent and Fourfold Course of the Ganga; Jambudvipa’s Varshas and Their Conditions

इति श्रीमार्कण्डेयपुराणे भुवनकोशे पञ्चपञ्चाशोऽध्यायः षट्पञ्चाशोऽध्यायः- ५६

मार्कण्डेय उवाच

धराधरां जगद्योनॆः पदं नारायणस्य च ।

ततः प्रवृत्ता या देवी गङ्गा त्रिपथगामिनी ॥

iti śrīmārkaṇḍeyapurāṇe bhuvanakośe pañcapañcāśo 'dhyāyaḥ ṣaṭpañcāśo 'dhyāyaḥ- 56

mārkaṇḍeya uvāca

dharādharāṃ jagadyoneḥ padaṃ nārāyaṇasya ca /

tataḥ pravṛttā yā devī gaṅgā tripathagāminī

Mārkaṇḍeya sprach: Aus der erhabenen Stütze der Erde—dem Ursprung der Welt—und aus dem Fußabdruck Nārāyaṇas ging die göttliche Gaṅgā hervor, der Strom, der die drei Wege (Himmel, Erde und Unterwelt) durchzieht.

mārkaṇḍeyaḥMarkandeya (the sage)
mārkaṇḍeyaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootmārkaṇḍeya (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga (Masculine/पुंलिङ्ग), Prathamā vibhakti (Nominative/प्रथमा), Ekavacana (Singular/एकवचन)
uvācasaid
uvāca:
Kriyā (क्रिया/Verbal action)
TypeVerb
Rootvac (धातु)
FormLaṅ-lakāra (Imperfect/Past/लङ्), Prathama-puruṣa (3rd person/प्रथमपुरुष), Ekavacana (Singular/एकवचन), Parasmaipada (परस्मैपद)
dharādharāmthe earth-supporting (mountain/earth-bearer)
dharādharām:
Karma (कर्म/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootdharā-dharā (प्रातिपदिक)
FormStrīliṅga (Feminine/स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Dvitīyā vibhakti (Accusative/द्वितीया), Ekavacana (Singular/एकवचन); samāsa: dharā (earth) + dharā (bearing) → ‘earth-bearing (mountain/earth-support)’ used as a name/epithet
jagadyoneḥof the source of the world
jagadyoneḥ:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive relation)
TypeNoun
Rootjagat-yoni (प्रातिपदिक)
FormStrīliṅga (Feminine/स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Ṣaṣṭhī vibhakti (Genitive/षष्ठी), Ekavacana (Singular/एकवचन); samāsa: jagat (world) + yoni (source/womb)
padamthe place/footing/abode
padam:
Karma (कर्म/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootpada (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNapुंसकलिङ्ग (Neuter/नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Dvitīyā vibhakti (Accusative/द्वितीया), Ekavacana (Singular/एकवचन)
nārāyaṇasyaof Nārāyaṇa
nārāyaṇasya:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive relation)
TypeNoun
Rootnārāyaṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga (Masculine/पुंलिङ्ग), Ṣaṣṭhī vibhakti (Genitive/षष्ठी), Ekavacana (Singular/एकवचन)
caand
ca:
Samuccaya (समुच्चय/Connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya (Indeclinable/अव्यय); samuccaya (conjunction/समुच्चय)
tataḥfrom there/thereafter
tataḥ:
Apādāna-artha (अपादानार्थ/Source-sense adverb)
TypeIndeclinable
Roottatas (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya (Indeclinable/अव्यय); apādāna/hetu-artha adverb (ablative sense: ‘from there/thereafter’)
pravṛttāhaving arisen/flowed forth
pravṛttā:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण/Qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootpra-vṛt (धातु)
FormKṛdanta: Kta (Past passive participle/क्त), Strīliṅga (Feminine/स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Prathamā vibhakti (Nominative/प्रथमा), Ekavacana (Singular/एकवचन)
who/which (she)
:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootyad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormSarvanāma (Pronoun/सर्वनाम), Strīliṅga (Feminine/स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Prathamā vibhakti (Nominative/प्रथमा), Ekavacana (Singular/एकवचन)
devīthe goddess
devī:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject; apposition)
TypeNoun
Rootdevī (प्रातिपदिक)
FormStrīliṅga (Feminine/स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Prathamā vibhakti (Nominative/प्रथमा), Ekavacana (Singular/एकवचन)
gaṅgāGaṅgā
gaṅgā:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject; apposition)
TypeNoun
Rootgaṅgā (प्रातिपदिक)
FormStrīliṅga (Feminine/स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Prathamā vibhakti (Nominative/प्रथमा), Ekavacana (Singular/एकवचन)
tripathagāminīgoing in three paths (heaven/earth/netherworld)
tripathagāminī:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण/Qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Roottri-patha-gāminī (प्रातिपदिक)
FormStrīliṅga (Feminine/स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Prathamā vibhakti (Nominative/प्रथमा), Ekavacana (Singular/एकवचन); samāsa: tri (three) + patha (paths) + gāminī (going)
Mārkaṇḍeya (narrating; addressee not specified in provided excerpt)
Nārāyaṇa (Viṣṇu)Gaṅgā
Gaṅgā as Devī (river-goddess; not the Devī Māhātmya battle-forms)
CosmologySacred GeographyTīrtha and river sanctity

FAQs

The Gaṅgā is presented as a divine principle of purification whose origin is traced to the supreme cosmic source (Nārāyaṇa’s ‘pada’). This frames tīrtha and sacred waters as conduits of transcendence, not merely physical geography.

Primarily within ‘Sthāna’ (cosmic geography/placement of worlds and sacred features). It also touches ‘Sarga’ indirectly by referencing cosmic origins, but the dominant function is geographic mapping.

‘Tripathagā’ symbolizes a current of grace moving through three levels of reality—celestial, terrestrial, and subterranean—suggesting that purification and dharma can permeate all planes of existence.