Shloka 113

Adhyaya 51 — Yaksha Injunctions: Graha-Children and Female Spirits Causing Domestic and Ritual Disruptions

Sanskrit

चण्डालयोन्योऽवसथे लीका या प्रसविष्यति ।

तस्याश्च सन्तिः पूर्वा सा च सद्यो नशिष्यति ॥

Transliteration

caṇḍālayonyo ’vasathe līkā yā prasaviṣyati /

tasyāś ca santiḥ pūrvā sā ca sadyo naśiṣyati

Translation

In der Behausung eines aus einem Caṇḍāla-Schoß Geborenen wird eine Frau namens Līkā gebären. Ihr früheres Kind heißt Santiḥ, und sie (Santiḥ) geht sogleich zugrunde.

Word by Word

• चण्डाल-योन्यः: (one) of Caṇḍāla-womb/origin
• चण्डाल-योन्यः: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: चण्डाल + योनि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन); षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (चण्डालस्य योनि:), used adjectivally qualifying implied subject/agent

• अवसथे: in the dwelling/abode
• अवसथे: Adhikarana (अधिकरण/Location)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अवसथ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Locative (7th/सप्तमी), Singular (एकवचन)

• लीका: a louse
• लीका: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: लीका (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Feminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन)

• या: which (she)
• या: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Feminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन); relative pronoun

• प्रसविष्यति: will give birth
• प्रसविष्यति: Kriya (क्रिया/Verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: प्र√सू (धातु)
• Form: लृट् (Simple Future), Parasmaipada (परस्मैपद), 3rd Person (प्रथमपुरुष), Singular (एकवचन)

• तस्याः: of her
• तस्याः: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive relation)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Feminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Genitive (6th/षष्ठी), Singular (एकवचन)

• च: and
• च: Samuccaya (समुच्चय/Connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: Conjunction (समुच्चयबोधक अव्यय)

• सन्तिः: offspring/progeny
• सन्तिः: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सन्ति (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Feminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन)

• पूर्वा: former/previous
• पूर्वा: Visheshana (विशेषण/Qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: पूर्व (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Feminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन); adjective qualifying सन्तिः

• सा: that (she/it)
• सा: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Feminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन); demonstrative pronoun referring to सन्तिः

• च: and
• च: Samuccaya (समुच्चय/Connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: Conjunction (समुच्चयबोधक अव्यय)

• सद्यः: immediately
• सद्यः: Kriya-visheshana (क्रियाविशेषण/Adverbial)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: सद्यः (अव्यय)
• Form: Adverb (कालवाचक अव्यय)

• न: not
• न: Pratishedha (प्रतिषेध/Negation)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न (अव्यय)
• Form: Negation particle (निषेधार्थक अव्यय)

• शिष्यति: remains/survives
• शिष्यति: Kriya (क्रिया/Verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √शिष् (धातु)
• Form: लट् (Present), Parasmaipada (परस्मैपद), 3rd Person (प्रथमपुरुष), Singular (एकवचन)

Speakers

• Narrator voice within the Markandeya Purana (frame not explicit in these verses)

Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "adbhuta", "secondaryRasa": "bhayanaka", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Key Themes

• Dharma
• Adharma and social disorder (as narrated)
• Etiological myth (origins of afflictions)

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

These verses are part of an etiological account: social and moral deviation is narrated as giving rise to destructive forces. The immediate perishing of 'Santiḥ' (Peace) functions as a moral emblem—when such afflictive forces arise, peace is the first casualty.

How does this fit the Pancalakṣaṇa (5 characteristics)?

Primarily within Sarga/Pratisarga-style mythic narration used to explain the emergence of negative conditions (a localized 'origin account' rather than a full cosmological sarga).

What is the esoteric significance?

Names operate symbolically: 'Santiḥ' (peace) being destroyed at once suggests that when ignorance/impurity dominates, inner tranquility collapses immediately, allowing further afflictions to manifest.