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Shloka 21

Adhyaya 41Yogic Conduct and the Discipline Leading to Siddhi

शून्येष्वेवावकाशेषु गुहासु च वनेषु च ।

नित्ययुक्तः सदा योगी ध्यानं सम्यगुपक्रमेत् ॥

śūnyeṣv evāvakāśeṣu guhāsu ca vaneṣu ca / nityayuktaḥ sadā yogī dhyānaṁ samyag upakramet

An einsamen, offenen Orten, in Höhlen und in Wäldern soll der Yogin—stets diszipliniert und unablässig mit Yoga verbunden—die Meditation in rechter Weise beginnen.

śūnyeṣuin empty (places)
śūnyeṣu:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
TypeAdjective
Rootśūnya (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Locative (7th/सप्तमी), Plural (बहुवचन); adjectival use qualifying ‘avakāśeṣu’
evaindeed/only
eva:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Rooteva (अव्यय)
FormEmphatic particle (निपात)
avakāśeṣuin open spaces
avakāśeṣu:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootavakāśa (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Locative (7th/सप्तमी), Plural (बहुवचन)
guhāsuin caves
guhāsu:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootguhā (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Locative (7th/सप्तमी), Plural (बहुवचन)
caand
ca:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
FormConjunction (समुच्चयबोधक अव्यय)
vaneṣuin forests
vaneṣu:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootvana (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Locative (7th/सप्तमी), Plural (बहुवचन)
caand
ca:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
FormConjunction (समुच्चयबोधक अव्यय)
nitya-yuktaḥconstantly engaged (in yoga)
nitya-yuktaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootnitya (प्रातिपदिक) + yukta (कृदन्त; √yuj युज्, क्त)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन); past participle ‘yukta’ used adjectivally; compound sense: ‘always engaged/constantly disciplined’
sadāalways
sadā:
Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootsadā (अव्यय)
FormAdverb (कालवाचक अव्यय)
yogīthe yogin
yogī:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootyogin (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन)
dhyānammeditation
dhyānam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootdhyāna (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन)
samyakproperly
samyak:
Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootsamyak (अव्यय)
FormAdverb (रीतिवाचक अव्यय)
upakrametshould begin/undertake
upakramet:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootupa-√kram (क्रम्)
FormOptative/vidhiliṅ (विधिलिङ्), 3rd person (प्रथमपुरुष), Singular (एकवचन); Parasmaipada (परस्मैपद)
Dattātreya instructing (didactic yoga discourse)

{ "primaryRasa": "shanta", "secondaryRasa": "bhakti", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

YogaMeditationRenunciationMind-discipline

FAQs

Meditation is strengthened by external simplicity: quiet, secluded settings reduce sensory provocation and support steadiness (nitya-yoga). The ethic implied is deliberate withdrawal from distraction to cultivate inner clarity.

This passage is not primarily pancalakṣaṇa material (sarga/pratisarga/vaṁśa/manvantara/vaṁśānucarita). It belongs to ancillary dharma-śikṣā: yogic conduct and soteriology, often embedded within Purāṇic instruction.

‘Empty places’ (śūnya) symbolize inner emptiness—cessation of vṛttis; caves/forests indicate turning from the ‘village’ of sense-life to the ‘wilderness’ of non-attachment where the Self is encountered without social mirrors.