Shloka 25

Adhyaya 4 — Draupadi and Her Husbands

Sanskrit

तद्वाक्ययोदितश्चेमं माऽगतोऽहं महागिरिम् ।

तच्छृणुध्वमशेषेण श्रुत्वा व्याख्यातुमर्हथ ॥

Transliteration

tadvākyayoditaś cemam āgato 'haṃ mahāgirim | tac chṛṇudhvam aśeṣeṇa śrutvā vyākhyātum arhatha ||

Translation

Durch ihre Worte angetrieben bin ich zu diesem großen Berg gekommen. Nun höre es vollständig an; nachdem du es gehört hast, mögest du es gern und richtig darlegen.

Word by Word

• तद्वाक्यया: by that statement/word
• तद्वाक्यया: Karana (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद्वाक्य (प्रातिपदिक: तत् + वाक्य)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग (वाक्या-रूपेण), तृतीया, एकवचन; तत्पुरुष (तस्य वाक्यया/वाक्येन)

• उदितः: having been told
• उदितः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: वद् (धातु) + क्त (कृदन्त)
• Form: भूतकर्मणि कृदन्त (past passive participle/क्त), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; ‘addressed/told’

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयबोधक-निपात

• इमम्: this
• इमम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: इदम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन

• आगतः: come
• आगतः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: आ + गम् (धातु) + क्त (कृदन्त)
• Form: भूतकर्मणि कृदन्त (past active sense participle), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; ‘come’

• अहम्: I
• अहम्: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: उत्तमपुरुष-सर्वनाम, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• महागिरिम्: the great mountain
• महागिरिम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: महागिरि (प्रातिपदिक: महा + गिरि)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; कर्मधारय (महान् गिरिः)

• तत्: that
• तत्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन

• शृणुध्वम्: listen (you all)
• शृणुध्वम्: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: श्रु (धातु)
• Form: लोट् (Imperative/लोट्), मध्यमपुरुष, बहुवचन, आत्मनेपद

• अशेषेण: completely
• अशेषेण: Kriya-vishesana (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अशेष (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तृतीया-एकवचन-रूपेण क्रियाविशेषण (adverbial instrumental: ‘completely’)

• श्रुत्वा: having heard
• श्रुत्वा: Purvakala (पूर्वकाल)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: श्रु (धातु) + त्वा (क्त्वान्त)
• Form: क्त्वान्त-अव्यय (gerund/absolutive)

• व्याख्यातुम्: to explain
• व्याख्यातुम्: Prayojana (प्रयोजन)
• Type: Verb
• Root: वि + आ + ख्या (धातु) + तुमुन्
• Form: तुमुनन्त (infinitive), ‘to explain’

• अर्हथ: you are able/ought
• अर्हथ: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: अर्ह् (धातु)
• Form: लट् (Present/लट्), मध्यमपुरुष, बहुवचन, परस्मैपद

Speakers

• A narrator/supplicant addressing a group of sages (frame-dialogue setting); exact named speakers not explicit in this single verse

Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "bhakti", "secondaryRasa": "shanta", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Key Themes

• Dialogue frame
• Transmission of sacred narrative
• Request for authoritative interpretation

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

The verse emphasizes śravaṇa (attentive listening) followed by vyākhyā (disciplined explanation). Knowledge is treated as something received in fullness and then clarified by qualified teachers—an ethic of humility, careful hearing, and reliance on competent interpretation rather than impulsive judgment.

How does this fit the Pancalakshana (5 characteristics)?

This verse is primarily part of the purāṇic upodghāta/frame (dialogue apparatus) rather than directly sarga/pratisarga/vaṃśa/manvantara/vaṃśānucarita. Functionally, it introduces or transitions into material that may later fall under vaṃśa or manvantara narration, but the verse itself is meta-narrative (setting up transmission).

What is the esoteric significance?

The ‘great mountain’ can be read symbolically as a stable seat of tapas and higher perspective—an inner ascent to steadiness where teachings are heard ‘aśeṣeṇa’ (without omission). The request ‘having heard, explain’ mirrors the inner process: first complete reception (śravaṇa), then assimilation and discernment (manana/vyākhyā), culminating in clear understanding.