Shloka 37

Adhyaya 32 — Rules for Parvana Śrāddha: Foods that Please the Ancestors and Items to Avoid

Sanskrit

वसून् रुद्रांस्तथादित्यान् नक्षत्रग्रह तारकाः । प्रीणयन्ति मनुष्याणां पितरः श्राद्धतर्पिताः ॥

Transliteration

vasūn rudrāṃs tathādityān nakṣatra-graha-tārakāḥ / prīṇayanti manuṣyāṇāṃ pitaraḥ śrāddha-tarpitāḥ

Translation

Wenn die Ahnen der Menschen durch śrāddha und Trankopfer (Libationen) zufrieden gestellt sind, erfreuen sie ihrerseits die Vasus, Rudras und Ādityas sowie die Sternbilder, Planeten und Sterne.

Word by Word

• वसून्: the Vasus
• वसून्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वसु (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd), बहुवचन

• रुद्रान्: the Rudras
• रुद्रान्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: रुद्र (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd), बहुवचन

• तथा: likewise
• तथा: Sambandha/Connector (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तथा (अव्यय)
• Form: रीत्यर्थक/समुच्चयार्थक अव्यय (adverb: likewise/also)

• आदित्यान्: the Ādityas
• आदित्यान्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: आदित्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd), बहुवचन

• नक्षत्रग्रहतारकाः: the constellations, planets, and stars
• नक्षत्रग्रहतारकाः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: नक्षत्र + ग्रह + तारका (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), बहुवचन; इतरेतर-द्वन्द्व (नक्षत्राणि च ग्रहाः च तारकाः च)

• प्रीणयन्ति: they please/satisfy
• प्रीणयन्ति: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: प्रीण् (धातु)
• Form: लट् (Present), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd), बहुवचन; परस्मैपद

• मनुष्याणाम्: of men
• मनुष्याणाम्: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मनुष्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th/षष्ठी), बहुवचन; सम्बन्ध (genitive)

• पितरः: the ancestors
• पितरः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पितृ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), बहुवचन

• श्राद्धतर्पिताः: satiated by śrāddha
• श्राद्धतर्पिताः: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: श्राद्ध + तर्पित (प्रातिपदिक/कृदन्त)
• Form: भूतकृदन्त (past passive participle/क्त from तृप्/तर्प्), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), बहुवचन; विशेषण (to पितरः); तत्पुरुष (श्राद्धेन तर्पिताः)

Speakers

• Madālasā (continuing the śrāddha-phala exposition)

Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "shanta", "secondaryRasa": "adbhuta", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Primary Deities

• Pitṛs
• Vasus
• Rudras
• Ādityas

Key Themes

• Dharma
• Pitṛ Pūjā
• Cosmic order (ṛta)
• Deva-Pitṛ reciprocity
• Astro-cosmic linkage

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

Personal rites are portrayed as socially and cosmically significant: honoring ancestors supports the wider divine order, implying that private dharma participates in public/cosmic harmony.

How does this fit the Pancalakṣaṇa (5 characteristics)?

Not pancalakṣaṇa; it is a dharma-ritual passage with cosmological coloring.

What is the esoteric significance?

The verse maps a subtle network: Pitṛs as intermediaries between human conduct and cosmic forces (devas, grahas). Symbolically, gratitude stabilizes one’s ‘inner cosmos,’ reflected as harmony in the outer cosmos.