Shloka 13

Adhyaya 32 — Rules for Parvana Śrāddha: Foods that Please the Ancestors and Items to Avoid

Sanskrit

गान्धारिकामलाबूनि लवणान्यूषराणि च ।

आरक्ताः ये च निर्यासाः प्रत्यक्षलवणानि च ॥

Transliteration

gāndhārikāmalābūni lavaṇāny ūṣarāṇi ca / āraktā ye ca niryāsāḥ pratyakṣa-lavaṇāni ca

Translation

Gāndhārika (eine Salzart), āmalā-bū (eine Art Kürbis/Frucht), gesalzene Speisen, alkalische bzw. salzhaltige Stoffe, rötliche Ausscheidungen (Harze/Säfte) und alles, was übermäßig salzig ist—dies alles ist bei śrāddha-Gaben zu meiden.

Word by Word

• gāndhārikā-malābūni: Gāndhārī melons/gourds
• gāndhārikā-malābūni: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: gāndhārikā + malābū (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा/1), Plural (बहुवचन); समासः—षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष (gāndhārikāyāḥ malābūni)

• lavaṇāni: salts
• lavaṇāni: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: lavaṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा/1), Plural (बहुवचन)

• ūṣarāṇi: alkaline/saline substances
• ūṣarāṇi: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ūṣara (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा/1), Plural (बहुवचन)

• ca: and
• ca: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: Conjunction (समुच्चयबोधक अव्यय)

• āraktāḥ: reddish/red
• āraktāḥ: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: ārakta (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा/1), Plural (बहुवचन); विशेषणम् (qualifying niryāsāḥ)

• ye: which/that (those)
• ye: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: yad (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा/1), Plural (बहुवचन); सर्वनाम (relative pronoun)

• ca: and
• ca: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: Conjunction (समुच्चयबोधक अव्यय)

• niryāsāḥ: exudations/resins/juices
• niryāsāḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: niryāsa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा/1), Plural (बहुवचन)

• pratyakṣa-lavaṇāni: manifest/obvious salts
• pratyakṣa-lavaṇāni: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: pratyakṣa + lavaṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा/1), Plural (बहुवचन); समासः—कर्मधारय (pratyakṣāni lavaṇāni)

• ca: and
• ca: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: Conjunction (समुच्चयबोधक अव्यय)

Speakers

• Ritual instruction voice within the Purāṇic dharma discourse (frame-speaker not specified in the provided excerpt)

Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "shanta", "secondaryRasa": "dharma", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Key Themes

• Dharma
• Pitṛ Pūjā
• Śrāddha
• Ritual purity

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

Śrāddha is framed as an act requiring restraint and sattvic suitability. Items associated with harshness, excess salinity/alkalinity, or ambiguous/impure exudations are treated as unfit, emphasizing careful selection and reverence in offerings to the Pitṛs.

How does this fit the Pancalakṣaṇa (5 characteristics)?

Primarily Dharma/Ācāra material rather than the five classic purāṇic markers (sarga, pratisarga, vaṃśa, manvantara, vaṃśānucarita). It is best cataloged as ancillary dharma-śāstra guidance embedded in the Purāṇa.

What is the esoteric significance?

Symbolically, ‘excess salt/alkali’ suggests agitation and coarseness; śrāddha seeks calm continuity between generations. Avoiding such substances points to maintaining inner and outer śuddhi (purity) so remembrance and gratitude can be offered without disturbance.