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Shloka 8

Adhyaya 27Madālasa’s Instruction to King Alarka: Royal Ethics, Self-Conquest, and Statecraft

विश्वासो न तु कर्तव्यो राज्ञा मित्राप्तबन्धुषु ।

कार्ययोगादमित्रेऽपि विश्वासीत नराधिपः ॥

viśvāso na tu kartavyo rājñā mitrāptabandhuṣu /

kāryayogād amitre 'pi viśvasīta narādhipaḥ

Ein König soll kein blindes Vertrauen setzen, selbst nicht in Freunde, Vertraute oder Verwandte. Doch wenn die Lage der Angelegenheiten es erfordert, kann der Herr der Menschen sogar einem Feind Vertrauen schenken.

viśvāsaḥtrust
viśvāsaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootviśvāsa (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन)
nanot
na:
Pratiṣedha-dyotaka (प्रतिषेध-द्योतक)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootna (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya (अव्यय), negation particle
tubut
tu:
Sambandha-dyotaka (सम्बन्ध-द्योतक)
TypeIndeclinable
Roottu (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya (अव्यय), adversative particle
kartavyaḥshould be done (placed)
kartavyaḥ:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√kṛ (धातु) + tavya (कृत् प्रत्यय)
FormGerundive/obligative (तव्यत्-कृदन्त), Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन); predicate with viśvāsaḥ
rājñāby the king
rājñā:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootrājan (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Instrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Singular (एकवचन)
mitra-āpta-bandhuṣuin friends, trusted people, and relatives
mitra-āpta-bandhuṣu:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootmitra (प्रातिपदिक) + āpta (प्रातिपदिक) + bandhu (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Locative (7th/सप्तमी), Plural (बहुवचन); द्वन्द्व: 'friends, trusted persons, and relatives'
kārya-yogātdue to necessity of affairs
kārya-yogāt:
Hetu (हेतु)
TypeNoun
Rootkārya (प्रातिपदिक) + yoga (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Ablative (5th/पञ्चमी), Singular (एकवचन); तत्पुरुष: 'connection/necessity of business'
amitrein an enemy
amitre:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Roota-mitra (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Locative (7th/सप्तमी), Singular (एकवचन)
apieven
api:
Sambandha-dyotaka (सम्बन्ध-द्योतक)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootapi (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya (अव्यय), particle 'even/also'
viśvasītashould trust
viśvasīta:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootvi-√śvas (धातु)
FormOptative/vidhiliṅ (विधिलिङ्), Ātmanepada (आत्मनेपद), 3rd person (प्रथमपुरुष), Singular (एकवचन)
nara-adhipaḥthe king
nara-adhipaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootnara (प्रातिपदिक) + adhipa (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन); तत्पुरुष: 'lord of men'
Didactic instruction within the Markandeya Purana’s nīti/rājadharma discourse (speaker not specified in the provided excerpt)

{ "primaryRasa": "shanta", "secondaryRasa": "vira", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

DharmaKingshipPragmatismAlliancesDiscernment

FAQs

Ethical governance requires discernment over sentiment: kinship and friendship are not guarantees of loyalty, while even adversaries can become functional partners under necessity—so long as vigilance remains.

Ancillary nīti material; outside pancalakṣaṇa classification.

Inner ‘friends’ (habitual preferences) can mislead; inner ‘enemies’ (difficult disciplines) can become allies when yoked to a purpose—suggesting a yogic re-framing of obstacles as instruments.