Shloka 31

Adhyaya 19 — Kartavirya Arjuna at Dattatreya’s Ashram: Boons, Sovereignty, and Vaishnava Praise

Sanskrit

तत्रैव च प्रजाः सर्वास्तस्मिन्नहनि भूपतेः ।

तस्यर्धिं परमां दृष्ट्वा यागं चक्रुः समाधिना ॥

Transliteration

tatraiva ca prajāḥ sarvās tasminn ahani bhūpateḥ | tasyardhiṃ paramāṃ dṛṣṭvā yāgaṃ cakruḥ samādhinā ||

Translation

Ebendort vollzogen auch alle Untertanen an eben jenem Tag des Königs—da sie seinen höchsten Wohlstand sahen—mit gesammelt ausgerichtetem Sinn ein Opferverehrungsritual.

Word by Word

• तत्र: there
• तत्र: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तत्र (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; देश/प्रसङ्ग-वाचक अव्यय (adverb)

• एव: indeed/just
• एव: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एव (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; निश्चय/अवधारणार्थक (emphatic particle)

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; समुच्चयार्थक (conjunction)

• प्रजाः: subjects/people
• प्रजाः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: प्रजा (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative/कर्ता), बहुवचन

• सर्वाः: all
• सर्वाः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सर्व (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; विशेषणम् (qualifying प्रजाः)

• तस्मिन्: on that
• तस्मिन्: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति (Locative/अधिकरण), एकवचन

• अहनि: day
• अहनि: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अहन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति (Locative/अधिकरण), एकवचन

• भूपतेः: of the king
• भूपतेः: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: भूपति (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी-विभक्ति (Genitive/सम्बन्ध), एकवचन

• तस्य: his
• तस्य: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुं/नपुंसक, षष्ठी-विभक्ति (Genitive/सम्बन्ध), एकवचन

• ऋद्धिम्: prosperity/success
• ऋद्धिम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ऋद्धि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative/कर्म), एकवचन

• परमाम्: supreme/great
• परमाम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: परम (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; विशेषणम् (qualifying ऋद्धिम्)

• दृष्ट्वा: having seen
• दृष्ट्वा: Purvakala (पूर्वकाल)
• Type: Verb
• Root: दृश् (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वा-प्रत्ययान्त अव्यय-भावकृदन्त (Gerund/Absolutive), ‘having seen’

• यागम्: sacrifice
• यागम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: याग (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative/कर्म), एकवचन

• चक्रुः: performed
• चक्रुः: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: कृ (धातु)
• Form: लिट्-लकार (Perfect), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष, बहुवचन

• समाधिना: with concentration/absorption
• समाधिना: Karana (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: समाधि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति (Instrumental/करण), एकवचन

Speakers

• Frame-dialogue context (Dharmapakṣī birds narrating; exact speaker not explicit in the provided excerpt)

Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "bhakti", "secondaryRasa": "shanta", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Primary Deities

• Dattātreya

Key Themes

• Social dharma
• Imitation of virtue
• Samādhi as ritual attitude
• Bhakti

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

Rulers influence collective conduct: when the king embodies gratitude and worship, the people follow. The verse also elevates inner posture—samādhi—over mere external performance.

How does this fit the Pancalakṣaṇa (5 characteristics)?

Didactic dharma within narrative; it supports the Purāṇic role of shaping conduct (ācāra) through exemplary stories rather than cosmogenesis.

What is the esoteric significance?

‘Samādhi’ attached to yāga hints that true sacrifice is the gathering of scattered attention into a single offering; communal worship symbolizes collective mind becoming ordered (ṛta) through dharma.