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Shloka 42

Adhyaya 18Arjuna Declines the Throne; Garga Directs Him to Dattatreya; The Gods Defeat the Daityas through Dattatreya’s Vision and the Movement of Lakshmi

त्यक्त्वा देवान् स्त्रियं तां तु हर्तुकामा हतौजसः ।

तेन पापेन मुह्यन्तः संशक्तास्ते ततोऽब्रुवन् ॥

tyaktvā devān striyaṃ tāṃ tu hartukāmā hataujasaḥ | tena pāpena muhyantaḥ saṃśaktās te tato 'bruvan ||

Den Kampf mit den Göttern aufgebend, begehrten jene, deren Kraft geschwunden war, jene Frau zu ergreifen; von eben dieser Sünde verblendet, versammelten sie sich und sprachen darauf.

त्यक्त्वाhaving abandoned
त्यक्त्वा:
Purvakala (पूर्वकाल)
TypeVerb
Roottyaj (धातु)
FormAbsolutive/Gerund (क्त्वान्त/अव्ययभाव), indeclinable verbal form
देवान्the gods
देवान्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootdeva (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Plural (बहुवचन)
स्त्रियम्the woman
स्त्रियम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootstrī (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन)
ताम्her
ताम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Roottad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन)
तुbut/indeed
तु:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/अव्यय-सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Roottu (अव्यय)
FormParticle (निपात); contrast/emphasis
हर्तुकामाःwishing to abduct
हर्तुकामाः:
Visheshana (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Roothartum-kāma (प्रातिपदिक: hartum (infinitive from hṛ/हृ) + kāma)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Plural (बहुवचन); 'desirous to take away'
हतौजसःwith their strength diminished
हतौजसः:
Visheshana (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Roothata-ojas (प्रातिपदिक: hata + ojas)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Plural (बहुवचन); 'whose vigor is destroyed'
तेनby that
तेन:
Karana (करण)
TypeNoun
Roottad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter/Masculine, Instrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Singular (एकवचन)
पापेनby sin/evil
पापेन:
Karana (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootpāpa (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Instrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Singular (एकवचन)
मुह्यन्तःbeing deluded
मुह्यन्तः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeVerb
Rootmuh (धातु)
FormPresent active participle (वर्तमान-कृदन्त/शतृ), Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Plural (बहुवचन)
संशक्ताःclinging/intent
संशक्ताः:
Visheshana (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootsaṃ-śakta (प्रातिपदिक; past passive participle from saṃ-śak/शक्)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Plural (बहुवचन); 'attached/engaged'
तेthey
ते:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Roottad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Plural (बहुवचन)
ततःthen/thereupon
ततः:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/अव्यय-सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Roottatas (अव्यय)
FormAdverb (क्रियाविशेषण)
अब्रुवन्said/spoke
अब्रुवन्:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootbrū (धातु)
FormImperfect (लङ्), Parasmaipada (परस्मैपद), 3rd Person (प्रथमपुरुष), Plural (बहुवचन)
Garga (narrator) within the Markandeya Purana’s narrative frame
Not applicable (ethical causality emphasized)
Pāpa leads to mohaAbduction as adharmaDecline of ojas/tejasCollective wrongdoing

FAQs

The Purāṇic ethic links intention to cognition: sinful intent (pāpa) produces delusion (moha), which in turn normalizes further wrongdoing. ‘Hata-ojas’ signals that adharma depletes inner strength.

Moral-psychological instruction via narrative; ancillary to the Purāṇa’s broader aims rather than a core pancalakṣaṇa enumeration.

When ojas declines, the will becomes porous; craving then ‘possesses’ the mind. The verse encodes a subtle law: the very act of intending harm clouds perception.