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Shloka 35

Adhyaya 14The Messenger of Yama Explains Karmic Retribution and the Causes of Naraka Torments

उपभोगात्क्षयं याति भुज्यमानमिवाशनम् ।

एवमेतॆ महापापं यातनाभिरहर्निशम् ॥

upabhogāt kṣayaṃ yāti bhujyamānam ivāśanam / evam ete mahāpāpaṃ yātanābhir aharniśam

Wenn es erfahren wird, geht es zur Erschöpfung über — wie Speise, wenn sie gegessen wird. So erschöpfen diese Wesen große Sünde durch Qualen bei Tag und bei Nacht.

upabhogātfrom enjoyment/consumption
upabhogāt:
Apādāna (अपादान)
TypeNoun
Rootupabhoga (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), पञ्चमी (Ablative), एकवचन (Singular)
kṣayamto destruction, diminution
kṣayam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootkṣaya (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), द्वितीया (Accusative), एकवचन (Singular)
yātigoes, comes to
yāti:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootyā (धाातु)
Formलट् (Present), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन (Singular), परस्मैपद
bhujyamānambeing eaten/consumed
bhujyamānam:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootbhuj (धातु) + śāna (कृदन्त-प्रत्यय)
Formवर्तमानकाले कर्मणि शानच्-प्रत्ययान्त कृदन्त (present passive participle); नपुंसकलिङ्ग (Neuter), प्रथमा/द्वितीया (Nom./Acc.), एकवचन (Singular)
ivalike
iva:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootiva (अव्यय)
Formउपमावाचक अव्यय (comparative particle: like/as)
āśanamfood
āśanam:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootāśana (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग (Neuter), प्रथमा/द्वितीया (Nom./Acc.), एकवचन (Singular)
evamthus
evam:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootevam (अव्यय)
Formरीतिवाचक अव्यय (adverb: thus)
etethese (persons)
ete:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootetad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), प्रथमा (Nominative), बहुवचन (Plural); सर्वनाम
mahā-pāpamgreat sin
mahā-pāpam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootmahā (प्रातिपदिक) + pāpa (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग (Neuter), द्वितीया (Accusative), एकवचन (Singular); कर्मधारय: 'mahac ca tat pāpam'
yātanābhiḥby torments
yātanābhiḥ:
Karaṇa (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootyātanā (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग (Feminine), तृतीया (Instrumental), बहुवचन (Plural)
aharniśamday and night
aharniśam:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण/काल)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootaharniśam (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय (indeclinable adverb); द्वन्द्व-समास (ahar + niśā) used adverbially: 'day and night'
Unclear from provided excerpt (later addresses 'rājan')

{ "primaryRasa": "karuna", "secondaryRasa": "shanta", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Karma exhaustionNarakaRetributionMoral causality

FAQs

Karmic results are finite and are ‘spent’ through experience—painful states like hell are depicted as mechanisms by which severe wrongdoing is worked off.

Dharma and afterlife doctrine; not a primary lakṣaṇa.

The ‘food’ analogy implies a conservation-like model: karmic stock diminishes through fruition (vipāka), suggesting a cyclic accounting of moral energy rather than eternal damnation.