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Shloka 1

Arjuna’s Concentrated Archery and the Rout of the Kaurava Mahārathas

Gāṇḍīva-Nirghoṣa Episode

हि >> आय न [हुक है आम सप्तपञ्चाशत्तमो<्ध्याय: कृपाचार्य और 58302 तथा कौरवपक्षके सैनिकोंद्वारा कपायायका हटा ले जाना वैशम्पायन उवाच दृष्टवा व्यूढान्यनीकानि कुरूणां कुरुनन्दन । तत्र वैराटिमामन्त्रय पार्थो वचनमब्रवीत्‌,वैशम्पायनजी कहते हैं--जनमेजय! कौरव-सेनाओंको व्यूह-रचना करके खड़ी हुई देखकर कुन्तीनन्दन अर्जुनने विराटकुमार उत्तरको सम्बोधित करके कहा--

Vaiśampāyana uvāca | dṛṣṭvā vyūḍhāny anīkāni kurūṇāṁ kurunandana | tatra vairāṭim āmantrya pārtho vacanam abravīt ||

Vaiśampāyana sprach: „O Janamejaya, Nachkomme der Kuru! Als Pārtha (Arjuna) die Kuru-Heere in Schlachtordnung aufgestellt sah—des Dharma eingedenk angesichts des nahenden Konflikts—wandte er sich an den Prinzen von Virāṭa und sprach diese Worte.“

वैशम्पायनःVaiśampāyana
वैशम्पायनः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootवैशम्पायन
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
उवाचsaid
उवाच:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormPerfect, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
दृष्ट्वाhaving seen
दृष्ट्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootदृश्
FormAbsolutive (Gerund), Active
व्यूढानिarrayed, drawn up
व्यूढानि:
TypeAdjective
Rootव्यूढ
FormNeuter, Accusative, Plural
अनीकानिarmies, divisions (of troops)
अनीकानि:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअनीक
FormNeuter, Accusative, Plural
कुरूणाम्of the Kurus
कुरूणाम्:
TypeNoun
Rootकुरु
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
कुरुनन्दनO joy of the Kurus (descendant of Kuru)
कुरुनन्दन:
TypeNoun
Rootकुरुनन्दन
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
तत्रthere
तत्र:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतत्र
वैराटिम्of Virāṭa (Virāṭa-related)
वैराटिम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootवैराटी
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
आमन्त्रयhaving addressed, having called
आमन्त्रय:
TypeVerb
Rootआमन्त्रय्
FormAbsolutive (Gerund), Active
पार्थःPārtha (Arjuna)
पार्थः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपार्थ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
वचनम्words, speech
वचनम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootवचन
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
अब्रवीत्spoke, said
अब्रवीत्:
TypeVerb
Rootब्रू
FormImperfect, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada

वैशम्पायन उवाच

V
Vaiśampāyana
J
Janamejaya
K
Kurus (Kauravas)
A
Arjuna (Pārtha, Kuntīnandana)
U
Uttara (Vairāṭi)
V
Virāṭa

Educational Q&A

The verse foregrounds dharma in action: a wise warrior first assesses the situation (the enemy array) and then gives timely counsel to a younger ally, modeling responsible leadership and composure at the threshold of conflict.

As the Kuru forces stand arranged in battle formation, Arjuna (still in the Virāṭa context) turns to Prince Uttara, addresses him directly, and begins to speak—setting up the instructions and actions that follow in the chapter.