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Mahabharata — Virata Parva, Shloka 26

Adhyāya 55: Pārtha–Rādheya Saṃvāda and Tactical Exchange

Chapter 55

पतन्त्यरूपेषु यथा चक्षूंषि न कदाचन । नालक्ष्येषु शरा: पेतुस्तथा गाण्डीवधन्वन:

vaishampāyana uvāca | patanty arūpeṣu yathā cakṣūṃṣi na kadācana | nālakṣyeṣu śarāḥ petus tathā gāṇḍīvadhanvanaḥ ||

Vaiśampāyana sprach: Wie die Augen niemals auf etwas fallen, das keine sichtbare Gestalt hat, so trafen auch die Pfeile Arjunas, des Trägers der Gāṇḍīva, nicht jene, die nicht seine beabsichtigten Ziele waren. Der Vers betont disziplinierte Meisterschaft im Kampf: Macht, die von Absicht gelenkt wird, nicht von wahlloser Gewalt.

पतन्तिfall (alight)
पतन्ति:
TypeVerb
Rootपत् (धातु)
Formलट् (वर्तमान), प्रथम, बहुवचन
अरूपेषुon/among formless (things)
अरूपेषु:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootअरूप (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसक, सप्तमी, बहुवचन
यथाas, just as
यथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयथा
चक्षूंषिeyes
चक्षूंषि:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootचक्षुस् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसक, प्रथमा, बहुवचन
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
कदाचनever, at any time
कदाचन:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootकदाचन
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अलक्ष्येषुon/among non-targets (those not aimed at)
अलक्ष्येषु:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootअलक्ष्य (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसक, सप्तमी, बहुवचन
शराःarrows
शराः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootशर (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन
पेतुःfell
पेतुः:
TypeVerb
Rootपत् (धातु)
Formलिट् (परोक्ष/परफेक्ट), प्रथम, बहुवचन
तथाso, likewise
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा
गाण्डीवधन्वनःof the wielder of the Gāṇḍīva (Arjuna)
गाण्डीवधन्वनः:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootगाण्डीवधन्वन् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी, एकवचन

वैशम्पायन उवाच

V
Vaiśampāyana
A
Arjuna
G
Gāṇḍīva
A
arrows
E
eyes

Educational Q&A

True martial excellence is restrained and intentional: even in war, force should be directed only toward the chosen objective, avoiding harm to those not meant to be struck.

The narrator describes Arjuna’s extraordinary control and accuracy: his arrows do not strike unintended persons, just as eyes do not perceive what is formless or not an object of sight.