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Shloka 3

Bhīṣma’s Appraisal of Yudhiṣṭhira’s Dharmic Rule (भीष्मोक्त-युधिष्ठिर-राजधर्म-प्रशंसा)

नीतिथर्मार्थतत्त्वज्ञं पितृवच्च समाहितम्‌ । धर्मे स्थितं सत्यधृतिं ज्येष्ठं ज्येष्ठानुयायिन:,“उनमें धर्मराज तो नीति, धर्म और अर्थके तत्त्वको जाननेवाले, भाइयोंद्वारा पिताकी भाँति सम्मानित, धर्मपर अटल रहनेवाले, सत्यपरायण और भाइयोंमें सबसे ज्येष्ठ हैं। राजन! उनके भाई भी अपनेसे बड़ोंके अनुगामी और अपने महात्मा बन्धु श्रीमान्‌ अजातशत्रु युधिष्ठिरके भक्त हैं। धर्मामज भी सब भाइयोंपर अत्यन्त स्नेह रखते हैं

vaiśampāyana uvāca |

nīti-dharmārtha-tattva-jñaṃ pitṛ-vac ca samāhitam |

dharme sthitaṃ satya-dhṛtiṃ jyeṣṭhaṃ jyeṣṭhānuyāyinaḥ ||

Vaiśampāyana sprach: „Unter ihnen ist Dharmarāja (Yudhiṣṭhira) einer, der die wahren Grundsätze von Staatskunst, Rechtschaffenheit und weltlichem Wohlergehen kennt. Er ist gesammelt und standhaft, von seinen Brüdern geehrt wie ein Vater. Im Dharma gegründet und in der Wahrheit unerschütterlich, ist er der Älteste; und seine jüngeren Brüder sind Nachfolger der Älteren.“

नीतिधर्मार्थतत्त्वज्ञम्knower of the principles of polity, dharma, and artha
नीतिधर्मार्थतत्त्वज्ञम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootनीति-धर्म-अर्थ-तत्त्व-ज्ञ
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
पितृवत्like a father
पितृवत्:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपितृवत्
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
समाहितम्composed; self-controlled; collected
समाहितम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootसमाहित
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
धर्मेin dharma
धर्मे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootधर्म
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
स्थितम्standing firm; established
स्थितम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootस्थित
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
सत्यधृतिम्steadfastness in truth; truth-held resolve
सत्यधृतिम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसत्य-धृति
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
ज्येष्ठम्the eldest
ज्येष्ठम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootज्येष्ठ
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
ज्येष्ठानुयायिनःfollowers of elders
ज्येष्ठानुयायिनः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootज्येष्ठ-अनुयायिन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural

वैशम्पायन उवाच

V
Vaiśampāyana
D
Dharmarāja (Yudhiṣṭhira)
T
the brothers (Pāṇḍavas, implied)

Educational Q&A

The verse presents an ethical model of kingship: true leadership rests on understanding nīti (prudent governance), dharma (righteous duty), and artha (welfare), combined with inner composure and unwavering commitment to truth. It also upholds respect for elders and disciplined loyalty within a family or polity.

Vaiśampāyana is describing Yudhiṣṭhira’s character during the Virāṭa-parvan context, emphasizing his seniority among the Pāṇḍavas and the reverence and obedience his younger brothers show him, portraying their unity and moral stature while they live incognito.