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Shloka 20

भीमस्य बल्लव-प्रतिज्ञा तथा अर्जुनस्य बृहन्नडा-रूप-निर्णयः

Bhīma’s Ballava Vow and Arjuna’s Decision to Become Bṛhannadā

उषित्वा पञ्ज वर्षाणि सहस्राक्षस्य वेश्मनि । अस्त्रयोगं समासाद्य स्ववीर्यान्मानुषाद्भुतम्‌ । दिव्यान्यस्त्राणि चाप्तानि देवरूपेण भास्वता,इसने पाँच वर्षोतक देवराज इन्द्रके भवनमें रहकर ऐसे दिव्यास्त्र प्राप्त किये हैं, जिनका मनुष्योंमें होना एक अद्भुत-सी बात है। अपने देवोपम स्वरूपसे प्रकाशित होनेवाले अर्जुनने अनेक दिव्यास्त्र पाये हैं

uṣitvā pañca varṣāṇi sahasrākṣasya veśmani | astrayogaṁ samāsādya svavīryān mānuṣādbhūtam | divyāny astrāṇi cāptāni devarūpeṇa bhāsvatā |

Yudhiṣṭhira sprach: „Fünf Jahre weilte er im Palast des Tausendäugigen (Sahasrākṣa, Indra), erlernte die Ordnung der himmlischen Waffen und erlangte eine Tapferkeit, die für einen Menschen wundersam ist. In gottgleichem Glanz erstrahlend, gewann Arjuna viele göttliche Geschosse und Waffen.“ Im Zusammenhang betont dies: Arjunas Stärke ist nicht bloße Aggression, sondern eine disziplinierte, göttlich bestätigte Fähigkeit—Macht, erworben durch Askese, Übung und rechtmäßige Gunst, bestimmt zum Dienst an der Dharma, nicht zur Speisung des eigenen Stolzes.

uṣitvāhaving dwelt/stayed
uṣitvā:
Adhikarana
TypeVerb
Rootvas (uṣ)
Formktvā (absolutive), parasmaipada (usage), non-finite
pañcafive
pañca:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootpañcan
Form—, —, —, numeral used with 'varṣāṇi'
varṣāṇiyears
varṣāṇi:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootvarṣa
FormNeuter, Accusative, Plural
sahasrākṣasyaof the thousand-eyed one (Indra)
sahasrākṣasya:
Sambandha
TypeNoun
Rootsahasrākṣa
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
veśmaniin the abode/house
veśmani:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootveśman
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
astrayogamthe discipline/union (training) of weapons
astrayogam:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootastrayoga
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
samāsādyahaving attained/approached
samāsādya:
Karma
TypeVerb
Rootsam-ā-sad
Formlyap (absolutive), parasmaipada (usage), non-finite
svavīryātfrom (his) own prowess
svavīryāt:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootsvavīrya
FormNeuter, Ablative, Singular
mānuṣa-adbhutama humanly-wondrous (marvel among men)
mānuṣa-adbhutam:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootmānuṣa + adbhuta
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular, agreeing with an implied neuter object (e.g., 'tat' / 'idam') or with the sense of 'adbhutam' as predicate
divyānidivine
divyāni:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootdivya
FormNeuter, Accusative, Plural
astrāṇiweapons (missiles)
astrāṇi:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootastra
FormNeuter, Accusative, Plural
caand
ca:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca
āptāniobtained
āptāni:
Karma
TypeVerb
Rootāp
Formkta (past passive participle), Neuter, Accusative, Plural, agreeing with 'astrāṇi' (divyāni astrāṇi ... āptāni)
devarūpeṇaby/with a divine form
devarūpeṇa:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootdevarūpa
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
bhāsvatāby the radiant/shining (one)
bhāsvatā:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootbhās-vat
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular, qualifying an implied agent (e.g., Arjuna) in instrumental: 'by the radiant one'

युधिछ्िर उवाच

Y
Yudhiṣṭhira
A
Arjuna
I
Indra (Sahasrākṣa)
I
Indra's palace (veśman)

Educational Q&A

Extraordinary power becomes ethically meaningful when it is gained through discipline and legitimate means (training, austerity, divine sanction) and is oriented toward dharma rather than ego. The verse frames Arjuna’s might as a responsible capability, not mere violence.

Yudhiṣṭhira describes Arjuna’s prior stay in Indra’s realm and his acquisition of divine weapons. This serves to establish Arjuna’s exceptional preparedness and the divine dimension of the Pāṇḍavas’ resources during the Virāṭa-period narrative.