Shloka 19

Devanagari script

संधाय धार्तराष्ट्रेण पार्थानां विप्रिये रत: । योद्धुमाशंसते नित्यं फाल्गुनेन महात्मना,धृतराष्ट्रपुत्र दुर्योधनसे मिलकर वह कुन्ती-कुमारोंका अनिष्ट करनेमें लगा रहता और सदा महामना अर्जुनसे युद्ध करनेकी इच्छा व्यक्त किया करता था

Transliteration

sandhāya dhārtarāṣṭreṇa pārthānāṁ vipriye rataḥ | yoddhum āśaṁsate nityaṁ phālgunena mahātmanā ||

Translation

Vaiśampāyana sprach: Nachdem er mit dem Sohn Dhṛtarāṣṭras ein Bündnis geschlossen hatte und Gefallen an dem fand, was den Pāṇḍavas feindlich war, äußerte er unablässig den Wunsch, mit dem großherzigen Phālguna (Arjuna) zu kämpfen. Der Vers hebt eine willentliche Bindung an die Feindschaft hervor—Rivalität und Schädigung als dauerhafte Politik zu wählen—und verschärft so die moralische Spannung vor dem offenen Ausbruch des Konflikts.

Word by Word

• संधाय: having joined/combined; having made an alliance
• Type: Verb
• Root: सम्-धा (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वान्त (absolutive/gerund), परस्मैपद-भावार्थ

• धार्तराष्ट्रेण: with the son of Dhṛtarāṣṭra (Duryodhana)
• धार्तराष्ट्रेण: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: धार्तराष्ट्र (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental, Singular

• पार्थानाम्: of the Pārthas (sons of Pṛthā/Kuntī)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पार्थ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Genitive, Plural

• विप्रिये: in what is harmful/unpleasant (to them)
• विप्रिये: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: विप्रिय (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter, Locative, Singular

• रतः: engaged; devoted
• रतः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: रत (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• योद्धुम्: to fight
• योद्धुम्: Karma
• Type: Verb
• Root: युध् (धातु)
• Form: तुमुन् (infinitive)

• आशंसते: desires; hopes; wishes
• Type: Verb
• Root: आ-शंस् (धातु)
• Form: Present, Indicative, Ātmanepada, Third, Singular

• नित्यम्: always
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: नित्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: true

• फाल्गुनेन: with Phālguna (Arjuna)
• फाल्गुनेन: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: फाल्गुन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental, Singular

• महात्मना: with the great-souled (one)
• महात्मना: Karana
• Type: Adjective
• Root: महात्मन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental, Singular

Speaker

वैशम्पायन उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Vaiśampāyana
• Dhṛtarāṣṭra
• Duryodhana
• Pāṇḍavas (sons of Pṛthā/Kuntī)
• Arjuna (Phālguna)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse highlights how deliberate alliances formed for the sake of harming others harden into a constant disposition of hostility. Ethically, it points to the danger of making enmity a habit—especially when directed against the righteous—since such intent becomes a driver of wider conflict.

What is happening in the narrative?

The speaker describes a figure who, after aligning with Duryodhana (the Dhārtarāṣṭra), remains intent on acting against the Pāṇḍavas and repeatedly voices a wish to fight Arjuna (Phālguna), signaling an escalating readiness for confrontation.