Shloka 49

Adhiratha-Rādhā Discover the Casket; Vasuṣeṇa (Karṇa) is Adopted and Formed

Devanagari script

सदेवासुरगन्धर्वा यक्षराक्षसपन्नगा:

Transliteration

sadevāsuragandharvā yakṣarākṣasapannagāḥ

Translation

Markandeya sprach: „Zusammen mit den Göttern und den Asuras, den Gandharvas, Yakṣas, Rākṣasas und den Schlangenwesen…“

Word by Word

• स: they/those
• स: Karta
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: masculine, nominative, plural

• देव: gods
• देव: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: देव
• Form: masculine, nominative, plural

• असुर: asuras/demons
• असुर: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: असुर
• Form: masculine, nominative, plural

• गन्धर्व: gandharvas (celestial musicians)
• गन्धर्व: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: गन्धर्व
• Form: masculine, nominative, plural

• यक्ष: yakshas
• यक्ष: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: यक्ष
• Form: masculine, nominative, plural

• राक्षस: rakshasas/ogres
• राक्षस: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: राक्षस
• Form: masculine, nominative, plural

• पन्नग: serpents/nagas
• पन्नग: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: पन्नग
• Form: masculine, nominative, plural

Speaker

मार्कण्डेय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Mārkaṇḍeya
• Devas
• Asuras
• Gandharvas
• Yakṣas
• Rākṣasas
• Pannagas (Nāgas/serpent-beings)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

By naming devas, asuras, and other orders of beings together, the verse frames the subject as one that transcends a single community or realm—implying that dharma and its consequences are universal, observed and affected across the whole cosmos.

What is happening in the narrative?

Mārkaṇḍeya begins (or continues) a statement by invoking a comprehensive list of supernatural beings—gods, demons, celestial musicians, nature-guardians, ogres, and serpent-beings—setting a grand, all-worlds scope for the account he is delivering.