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Shloka 12

दुर्योधनस्य लज्जा-प्रायोपवेशविचारः

Duryodhana’s Shame and Consideration of Prāyopaveśa

“महाराज! जिस प्रकार रुद्रोंसे यमराज, मरुद्रणोंसे इन्द्र तथा नक्षत्रोंसे उनके स्वामी चन्द्रमाकी शोभा होती है, उसी प्रकार कौरवोंसे घिरे हुए तुम शोभा पा रहे हो ।। यै: सम ते नाद्रियेताज्ञा न च ये शासने स्थिता: । पश्यामस्तान्‌ श्रिया हीनान्‌ पाण्डवान्‌ वनवासिन:,“जिन्होंने तुम्हारी आज्ञाका आदर नहीं किया था और जो तुम्हारे शासनमें नहीं थे, उन पाण्डवोंकी दशा हम प्रत्यक्ष देख रहे हैं। वे राजलक्ष्मीसे वज्चित हो वनमें निवास करते हैं

vaiśampāyana uvāca |

mahārāja! yathā rudrebhyo yamarājaḥ, marudgaṇebhya indraḥ, tathā nakṣatrebhyaḥ teṣāṃ svāmī candramā śobhate; evam eva kauravaiḥ parivṛto tvaṃ śobhase ||

yaiḥ sam te nādriyeta ājñā na ca ye śāsane sthitāḥ |

paśyāmas tān śriyā hīnān pāṇḍavān vanavāsinaḥ ||

Vaiśampāyana sprach: „O großer König! Wie Yama unter den Rudras hervorragt, Indra unter den Scharen der Maruts und der Mond—Herr der Sternbilder—unter den Sternen, so strahlst auch du, von den Kauravas umgeben. Jene aber, die einst deinen Befehl nicht ehrten und nicht unter deiner Herrschaft standen—die Pāṇḍavas—sehen wir nun mit eigenen Augen: der königlichen Glücksgunst beraubt, leben sie als Verbannte im Wald.“

यैःby whom
यैः:
Karana
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
सम्properly; duly
सम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसम्
तेyour
ते:
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
FormGenitive, Singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
आद्रियेतshould respect / would honor
आद्रियेत:
TypeVerb
Rootआ + दॄ (आदर)
FormVidhi-linga (Optative), Present-system, 3rd, Singular, Atmanepada
आज्ञाम्command; order
आज्ञाम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootआज्ञा
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
and not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
येwho (those who)
ये:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
शासनेin (your) rule/government
शासने:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootशासन
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
स्थिताःstanding; abiding; being
स्थिताः:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootस्था (क्त)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural, kta (past passive participle)
पश्यामःwe see
पश्यामः:
TypeVerb
Rootदृश्
FormLat (Present), Present, 1st, Plural, Parasmaipada
तान्those (them)
तान्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
श्रियाwith prosperity/royal fortune
श्रिया:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootश्री
FormFeminine, Instrumental, Singular
हीनान्deprived; bereft
हीनान्:
TypeAdjective
Rootहीन
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
पाण्डवान्the Pandavas
पाण्डवान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपाण्डव
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
वनवासिनःforest-dwellers; those living in exile
वनवासिनः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootवनवासिन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural

वैशम्पायन उवाच

V
Vaiśampāyana
M
Mahārāja (addressed king)
R
Rudras
Y
Yamarāja
M
Maruts (Marudgaṇa)
I
Indra
N
Nakṣatras
C
Candramā (Moon)
K
Kauravas
P
Pāṇḍavas
V
Vana (forest exile)

Educational Q&A

The verse underscores a political-ethical idea: prosperity and public splendor are linked to recognized authority and adherence to governance (ājñā, śāsana). Disregarding rightful command is portrayed as leading to loss of Śrī (royal fortune) and hardship, exemplified by the Pāṇḍavas’ forest exile.

Vaiśampāyana reports a speech that flatters the addressed king by comparing his prominence among the Kauravas to major deities among their groups, then points to the Pāṇḍavas as a visible example of those who did not accept his rule—now living in the forest without royal prosperity.