Shloka 48

शब्द स्पर्श तथा रूप॑ गन्धानिष्टांश्ष सत्तम

śabda-sparśa tathā rūpaṁ gandhān iṣṭāṁś ca sattama

Der Jäger sprach: „O Bester der Menschen, Klang, Berührung und Gestalt – ebenso auch angenehme Düfte – dies sind die Gegenstände der Sinne.“ In dieser Lehre beginnt er, ethische Zucht zu umreißen, indem er zuerst die sinnlichen Lockungen benennt, die den Geist gewöhnlich nach außen ziehen und zum Anfang von Anhaftung und sittlichem Fehltritt werden, wenn sie nicht durch Dharma gezügelt werden.

शब्दम्sound
शब्दम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootशब्द
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
स्पर्शम्touch
स्पर्शम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootस्पर्श
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
तथाand also; likewise
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा
रूपम्form; appearance
रूपम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootरूप
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
गन्धान्smells; odors
गन्धान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootगन्ध
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
इष्टान्desired; pleasing
इष्टान्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootइष्ट
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
सत्तमO best of beings/men
सत्तम:
TypeNoun
Rootसत्तम
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular

व्याध उवाच

V
vyādha (the hunter, speaker)

Educational Q&A

The verse points to the sense-objects—sound, touch, form, and fragrance—as powerful attractions; ethical living begins with recognizing these pulls and regulating them so that desire does not override dharma.

The hunter (vyādha) is instructing his listener, opening a moral discourse by enumerating the sensory objects that commonly become the basis of attachment and thus a field where restraint and right conduct must be practiced.