Shloka 20
Udyoga Parva Adhyāya 58 — Saṃjaya’s Audience and Kṛṣṇa’s Deterrent Counsel (संजय-प्रवेशः कृष्णवाक्यं च)
Devanagari script
यजचध्वं विविधीर्यज्निविप्रेभ्यो दत्त दक्षिणा: । पुत्रैदरिश्ष मोदध्वं महद् वो भयमागतम्
Translation
„O Kauravas! Beginnt mannigfache Opferhandlungen und gebt den Brahmanen Dakṣiṇā. Freut euch mit euren Söhnen und euren Frauen; denn eine große Furcht ist über euch gekommen.“
Word by Word
यजध्वम्perform sacrifice (you all)!
यजध्वम्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootयज्
FormLoṭ, Parasmaipada, Madhyama, Bahuvacana, Kartari
विविधान्various
विविधान्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootविविध
FormPum, Dvitīyā, Bahuvacana
यज्ञान्sacrifices
यज्ञान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootयज्ञ
FormPum, Dvitīyā, Bahuvacana
विप्रेभ्यःto the brahmins
विप्रेभ्यः:
Sampradana
TypeNoun
Rootविप्र
FormPum, Caturthī, Bahuvacana
दत्तgive (having given / give!)
दत्त:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootदा
Formक्त (past passive participle), Pum, Prathamā, Bahuvacana, used imperatively with implied 'you all': 'give!'
दक्षिणाःfees/gifts (honoraria)
दक्षिणाः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootदक्षिणा
FormStrī, Dvitīyā, Bahuvacana
पुत्रैःwith sons
पुत्रैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootपुत्र
FormPum, Tṛtīyā, Bahuvacana
दारैःwith wives
दारैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootदार
FormPum, Tṛtīyā, Bahuvacana
चand
च:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच
मोदध्वम्rejoice/enjoy (you all)!
मोदध्वम्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootमुद्
FormLoṭ, Ātmanepada, Madhyama, Bahuvacana, Kartari
महत्great
महत्:
TypeAdjective
Rootमहत्
FormNapum, Prathamā, Ekavacana
वःyour (of you all)
वः:
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
FormṢaṣṭhī, Bahuvacana
भयम्fear/danger
भयम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootभय
FormNapum, Prathamā, Ekavacana
आगतम्has come/arrived
आगतम्:
TypeVerb
Rootआ-गम्
Formक्त (past passive participle), Napum, Prathamā, Ekavacana
Speaker
वायुदेव उवाच
Character Dynamics
Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)
War Context
Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Philosophical Teaching
Political Layer
Geographic Context
Meter (Chandas)
Sandhi Notes