Shloka 61

Udyoga-parva Adhyāya 47 — Arjuna’s Deterrent Declaration

Sañjaya’s Report

Devanagari script

सर्वा दिश: सम्पतता रथेन रजोध्वस्तं गाण्डिवेन प्रकृत्तम्‌ । यदा द्रष्टा स्वबलं सम्प्रमूढं तदा पश्चात्‌ तप्स्यति मन्दबुद्धि:

Transliteration

saṃjayā uvāca | sarvā diśaḥ sampatatā rathena rajodhvastaṃ gāṇḍīvena prakṛttam | yadā draṣṭā svabalaṃ sampramūḍhaṃ tadā paścāt tapsyati mandabuddhiḥ |

Translation

Sañjaya sprach: „Wenn der stumpfsinnige Sohn Dhṛtarāṣṭras sein eigenes Heer in völliger Verwirrung sieht—eingehüllt in den Staub, den mein Wagen aufwirbelt, während er in alle Himmelsrichtungen jagt, und niedergemäht von den Pfeilen, die vom Gāṇḍīva gelöst werden—dann wird er erst danach vor Reue brennen.“

Word by Word

• सर्वाः: all
• सर्वाः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सर्व
• Form: Feminine, Nominative, Plural

• दिशः: directions
• दिशः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: दिश्
• Form: Feminine, Nominative, Plural

• सम्पतता: by (a chariot) rushing about
• सम्पतता: Karana
• Type: Verb
• Root: सम् + पत्
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental, Singular, present active participle (शतृ), agreeing with रथेन

• रथेन: by the chariot
• रथेन: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: रथ
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental, Singular

• रजः: dust
• रजः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: रजस्
• Form: Neuter, Nominative, Singular

• ध्वस्तम्: scattered/whirled up
• ध्वस्तम्: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: ध्वंस्
• Form: Neuter, Nominative, Singular, past passive participle (क्त), qualifying रजः

• गाण्डिवेन: by (the bow) Gāṇḍīva
• गाण्डिवेन: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: गाण्डिव
• Form: Neuter, Instrumental, Singular

• प्रकृत्तम्: cut up/cleft (i.e., churned/lashed)
• प्रकृत्तम्: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: प्र + कृत्त (from √कृत्/√कृन्त् 'to cut')
• Form: Neuter, Nominative, Singular, past passive participle (क्त), qualifying रजः

• यदा: when
• यदा: Adhikarana
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: यदा

• द्रष्टा: will see
• द्रष्टा: Karta
• Type: Verb
• Root: √दृश्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular, periphrastic future agent noun (लुट्-कर्तृ), 'will see'

• स्वबलम्: his own army/force
• स्वबलम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: स्व + बल
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• सम्प्रमूढम्: utterly bewildered/confounded
• सम्प्रमूढम्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सम् + प्र + √मुह्
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular, past passive participle (क्त), qualifying स्वबलम्

• तदा: then
• तदा: Adhikarana
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तदा

• पश्चात्: afterwards
• पश्चात्: Adhikarana
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: पश्चात्

• तप्स्यति: will suffer/repent
• तप्स्यति: Karta
• Type: Verb
• Root: √तप्
• Form: Future (लृट्), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada

• मन्दबुद्धिः: the dull-witted one
• मन्दबुद्धिः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: मन्द + बुद्धि
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Sanjaya
• Dhritarashtra’s son (Duryodhana implied)
• Arjuna (implied through Gāṇḍīva)
• Gāṇḍīva (bow)
• chariot
• army/host (svabala)