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Shloka 2

Sanatsujāta–Dhṛtarāṣṭra Saṃvāda: Brahmacarya and the Formless Brahman

Udyoga Parva 44

एकैकमेते राजेन्द्र मनुष्यान्‌ पर्युपासते । यैराविष्टो नर: पाप॑ मूढसंज्ञो व्यवस्यति

ekaikametē rājendra manuṣyān paryupāsate | yair āviṣṭo naraḥ pāpaṁ mūḍhasaṁjño vyavasyati ||

O König, diese Fehler gesellen sich den Menschen einer nach dem andern, in fortlaufender Folge. Wenn ein Mensch von ihnen ergriffen wird, wird sein Verstand verblendet, und er fasst den Entschluss zu sündhaftem Tun.

एकैकम्one by one / each singly
एकैकम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootएकैक
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
एतेthese
एते:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
राजेन्द्रO king of kings
राजेन्द्र:
TypeNoun
Rootराजेन्द्र
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
मनुष्यान्men / humans
मनुष्यान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootमनुष्य
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
पर्युपासतेattend upon / beset / wait upon
पर्युपासते:
TypeVerb
Rootपरि-उप-आस्
FormPresent, Third, Plural, Atmanepada
यैःby which / by whom
यैः:
Karana
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Plural
आविष्टःpossessed / overpowered
आविष्टः:
TypeAdjective
Rootआ-विश्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular, क्त (past passive participle)
नरःa man
नरः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootनर
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
पापम्sin / evil (deed)
पापम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपाप
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
मूढसंज्ञःone whose understanding is deluded
मूढसंज्ञः:
TypeAdjective
Rootमूढसंज्ञ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
व्यवस्यतिresolves / undertakes / decides (to do)
व्यवस्यति:
TypeVerb
Rootवि-अव-सा
FormPresent, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada

सनत्युजात उवाच

S
Sanatsujata
D
Dhritarashtra (addressed as rājendra)

Educational Q&A

Moral failure is typically progressive: faults approach a person sequentially, and once they take hold, they cloud discernment so that the person deliberately chooses wrongdoing.

Sanatsujata instructs the king (Dhritarashtra), explaining how successive inner दोष (vices) overtake people and, by deluding the mind, lead them to decide on sinful actions—setting the ethical frame for the king’s predicament.