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Shloka 44

Sanatsujāta–Dhṛtarāṣṭra Saṃvāda: Pramāda as Mṛtyu

Chapter 42

एवं वेदमविज्ञाय प्राज्ञोडहमिति मन्यते । दानमध्ययन यज्ञो लोभादेतत्‌ प्रवर्तते,इस प्रकार वेदके तत्त्वको न जानकर भी कुछ लोग "मैं विद्वान्‌ हूँ" ऐसा मानने लगते हैं; फिर उनकी दान, अध्ययन और यज्ञादि कर्मोमें (सांसारिक सुखकी प्राप्तिरूप फलके) लोभसे प्रवृत्ति होती है

evaṁ vedam avijñāya prājño ’ham iti manyate | dānam adhyayanaṁ yajño lobhād etat pravartate ||

Ohne das Wesen der Veda wirklich zu erkennen, bildet sich mancher dennoch ein: „Ich bin weise.“ Dann, von Gier nach weltlichen Lohnfrüchten getrieben, wendet er sich Taten wie Spende, Studium und Opfer zu—nicht als Suche nach Wahrheit, sondern als Mittel, Ergebnisse zu erlangen.

एवम्thus, in this way
एवम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएवम्
वेदम्the Veda
वेदम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootवेद
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
अविज्ञायnot knowing / without understanding (having not understood)
अविज्ञाय:
TypeVerb
Rootवि-ज्ञा
Formल्यप् (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage-neutral for gerund)
प्राज्ञःa wise man / learned person
प्राज्ञः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootप्राज्ञ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अहम्I
अहम्:
TypePronoun
Rootअहम्
FormNominative, Singular
इतिthus (quotative)
इति:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति
मन्यतेthinks, considers
मन्यते:
TypeVerb
Rootमन् (मन्यते)
FormLat, Present, Third, Singular, Atmanepada
दानम्giving, charity
दानम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootदान
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
अध्ययनम्study (of scripture)
अध्ययनम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअध्ययन
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
यज्ञःsacrifice, ritual
यज्ञः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootयज्ञ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
लोभात्from greed / due to greed
लोभात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootलोभ
FormMasculine, Ablative, Singular
एतत्this (set of acts/this conduct)
एतत्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
प्रवर्ततेproceeds, is set in motion, becomes active
प्रवर्तते:
TypeVerb
Rootप्र-√वृत् (वर्तते)
FormLat, Present, Third, Singular, Atmanepada

सनत्युजात उवाच

S
Sanatsujata
V
Veda

Educational Q&A

Sanatsujata warns that ritual acts and even scriptural study become ethically hollow when motivated by greed and self-conceit. True wisdom is not the claim “I am learned,” but genuine understanding of the Veda’s essence and acting without craving for reward.

In the Udyoga Parva’s Sanatsujata discourse, he instructs (in a moral-philosophical tone) that many people, lacking real insight, still assume themselves wise and then pursue charity, study, and sacrifice primarily for worldly gain, thereby missing the higher purpose of dharma.