Shloka 38
Sanatsujāta-Āhvāna (Summoning Sanatsujāta) — Vidura’s Invocation and Dhṛtarāṣṭra’s Doubt
अश्रान्त: स्यादनादाता सम्मतो निरुपद्रव: । शिष्टो न शिष्टवत् स स्याद् ब्राह्माणो ब्रह्मवित् कवि:
aśrāntaḥ syād anādātā sammato nirupadravaḥ | śiṣṭo na śiṣṭavat sa syād brāhmaṇo brahmavit kaviḥ ||
Sanatsujāta spricht: Ein wahrer Brāhmaṇa ist, wer in der Erfüllung dessen, was getan werden muss, nicht ermüdet, keine Gaben annimmt, unter den Tugendhaften geehrt wird und frei bleibt davon, Schaden zu verursachen oder anzuziehen; und wer—obwohl wahrhaft gebildet—seine Verfeinerung nicht zur Schau stellt. Ein solcher ist ein Kenner des Brahman und ein weiser Seher.
सनत्युजात उवाच
Educational Q&A
The verse defines brahminical excellence as ethical steadiness and inner realization: tireless commitment to duty, refusal to live by taking gifts, being respected by the good, harmlessness (being free from causing/meeting upadrava), and genuine refinement without self-display—culminating in being a brahmavit and kavi (a realized, discerning sage).
In the Udyoga Parva, Sanatsujāta instructs (in a didactic setting) on higher dharma and spiritual wisdom. Here he characterizes the true brāhmaṇa not by birth or outward markers but by conduct, restraint, and realized knowledge of Brahman.