Shloka 19

द्रुपदवाक्यं

Drupada’s Counsel on Conciliation and Alliance Mobilization

Devanagari script

जयत्सेनश्न काश्यश्वल॒ तथा पञ्चनदा नृपा: । क्राथपुत्रश्न दुर्धर्ष: पार्वतीयाश्व ये नृपा:

Transliteration

jayatsenaś ca kāśyaśvaḥ tathā pañcanadā nṛpāḥ | krāthaputraś ca durdharṣaḥ pārvatīyāś ca ye nṛpāḥ ||

Translation

Drupada sprach: „Jayatsena und Kāśyaśva, und die Könige von Pañcanada; Krāthaputra, schwer zu bezwingen; und die Könige, die in den Berglanden wohnen — auch diese Herrscher werden unter den versammelten Verbündeten gezählt.“

Word by Word

जयत्सेनःJayatsena (a king)

काश्यःthe king of Kāśī (Kāśya)

अश्वलःAśvala (a king)

तथाand also / likewise

पञ्चनदाःthe Pañcanadas (people/region of the five rivers)

नृपाःkings

क्राथपुत्रःKṛātha's son (Krāthaputra)

दुर्धर्षःhard to assail / unconquerable

पार्वतीयाःthe mountain(-dwelling) people / Pārvatīyas

चand

येwho / those who

नृपाःkings

Speaker

दुपद उवाच

Characters & Entities

Drupada

Jayatsena

Kāśyaśva

Krāthaputra

Pañcanada

Pārvatīya kings (mountain rulers)

Character Dynamics

Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)

War Context

Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)

Philosophical Teaching

Political Layer

Geographic Context

Meter (Chandas)

Sandhi Notes

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse underscores the ethical and political necessity of gathering righteous support: when confronting adharma, a just cause is strengthened by broad alliances and the willingness of many rulers to stand together.

What is happening in the narrative?

Drupada is listing various kings and regional rulers who are aligned or present, emphasizing the scale and diversity of the coalition forming around the Pāṇḍavas in the lead-up to the great conflict.