Shloka 64

उद्योगपर्व — अध्याय 33: धृतराष्ट्र-विदुर संवादः (विदुरनीतिः)

Devanagari script

आत्मना55त्मानमन्विच्छेन्मनोबुद्धीन्द्रियैर्यतै: । आत्मा होवात्मनो बन्धुरात्मैव रिपुरात्मन:,मन, बुद्धि और इन्द्रियोंको अपने अधीनकर अपनेसे ही अपने आत्माको जाननेकी इच्छा करे; क्योंकि आत्मा ही अपना बन्धु और आत्मा ही अपना शत्रु है

Transliteration

ātmanā ātmānam anvicchen manobuddhīndriyaiḥ yataiḥ | ātmā hy ātmanaḥ bandhur ātmaiva ripur ātmanaḥ ||

Translation

Vidura rät: Suche das eigene Selbst (Atman) zu erkennen, indem du Geist (manas), Verstand (buddhi) und Sinne in Zucht nimmst. Denn eben dieses innere Selbst wird, wenn es beherrscht ist, zum treuesten Freund; und eben dieses Selbst wird, wenn es ungezügelt bleibt, zum Feind.

Word by Word

आत्मनाby the self

आत्मानम्the self

अन्विच्छेत्should seek / should desire to find

मनःby the mind

बुद्धिby the intellect

इन्द्रियैःby the senses

यतैःrestrained / controlled

आत्माthe self

हिindeed / for

आत्मनःof oneself

बन्धुःfriend

आत्माthe self

एवalone / indeed

रिपुःenemy

आत्मनःof oneself

Speaker

विदुर उवाच

Characters & Entities

Vidura

Character Dynamics

Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)

War Context

Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)

Philosophical Teaching

Political Layer

Geographic Context

Meter (Chandas)

Sandhi Notes

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

Mastery of mind, intellect, and senses is the means to self-knowledge; when disciplined, one’s own self supports one’s welfare, and when undisciplined, it undermines it.

What is happening in the narrative?

In the Udyoga Parva’s counsel-filled setting before the great war, Vidura delivers ethical instruction, emphasizing inner governance as the foundation for right action and sound judgment.