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Shloka 37

उद्योगपर्व — अध्याय 33: धृतराष्ट्र-विदुर संवादः (विदुरनीतिः)

एतयोपमया धीर: संनमेत बलीयसे । इन्द्राय स प्रणमते नमते यो बलीयसे,इस दृष्टान्तके अनुसार बुद्धिमान्‌ पुरुषको अधिक बलवानके सामने झुक जाना चाहिये; जो अधिक बलवानके सामने झुकता है, वह मानो इन्द्रको प्रणाम करता है

etayopamayā dhīraḥ saṃnamet balīyase | indrāya sa praṇamate namate yo balīyase ||

Nach diesem Gleichnis soll der Weise sich vor dem Stärkeren beugen. Denn wer sich in Demut vor dem Mächtigeren neigt, erweist damit gleichsam Indra Verehrung—er ehrt das Prinzip überlegener Kraft und Autorität, statt unnötigen Streit heraufzubeschwören.

एतयाby this
एतया:
Karana
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्
FormFeminine, Instrumental, Singular
उपमयाby (this) comparison/example
उपमया:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootउपमा
FormFeminine, Instrumental, Singular
धीरःthe wise/steadfast (man)
धीरः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootधीर
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
संनमेतshould bow down
संनमेत:
TypeVerb
Rootनम् (√नम्)
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
बलीयसेto the stronger (one)
बलीयसे:
Sampradana
TypeAdjective
Rootबलिन् (comparative: बलीयस्)
FormMasculine/Neuter, Dative, Singular
इन्द्रायto Indra
इन्द्राय:
Sampradana
TypeNoun
Rootइन्द्र
FormMasculine, Dative, Singular
सःhe
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
प्रणमतेbows/salutes
प्रणमते:
TypeVerb
Rootनम् (√नम्)
FormPresent (Lat), 3rd, Singular, Atmanepada
नमतेbows
नमते:
TypeVerb
Rootनम् (√नम्)
FormPresent (Lat), 3rd, Singular, Atmanepada
यःwho (he who)
यः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
बलीयसेto the stronger (one)
बलीयसे:
Sampradana
TypeAdjective
Rootबलिन् (comparative: बलीयस्)
FormMasculine/Neuter, Dative, Singular

विदुर उवाच

V
Vidura
I
Indra

Educational Q&A

A prudent person should not let ego provoke ruin; when faced with a clearly stronger power, respectful submission is wise and dharmic, preserving life and order. Such humility is portrayed as reverence to Indra, the archetype of supreme authority.

Vidura is instructing on practical dharma and political wisdom in the tense pre-war setting of the Udyoga Parva, using an analogy to argue that yielding to superior strength can be the wiser course than escalating confrontation.