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Shloka 47

Adhyaya 32: Saṃjaya’s Return, Audience with Dhṛtarāṣṭra, and Ethical Admonition

एकमेवाद्धितीयं तद्‌ यद्‌ राजन्‌ नावबुध्यसे । सत्यं स्वर्गस्यथ सोपानं पारावारस्य नौरिव,राजन! जैसे समुद्रके पार जानेके लिये नाव ही एकमात्र साधन है, उसी प्रकार स्वर्गके लिये सत्य ही एकमात्र सोपान है, दूसरा नहीं; किंतु आप इसे नहीं समझ रहे हैं

ekam evādvitīyaṁ tad yad rājan nāvabudhyase | satyaṁ svargasyātha sopānaṁ pārāvārasya naur iva ||

Vidura sagt zum König: O König, es gibt eine einzige Wahrheit—ohne zweite—die du nicht begreifst. Wie nur ein Boot das Mittel ist, den Ozean zum fernen Ufer zu überqueren, so ist Wahrhaftigkeit allein die sichere Stufenleiter zum Himmel; es gibt keinen Ersatz.

एकम्one (alone)
एकम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootएक
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
एवindeed/only
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
अद्वितीयम्without a second, unique
अद्वितीयम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootअद्वितीय
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
तत्that
तत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
यत्which/that which
यत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
राजन्O king
राजन्:
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अवबुध्यसेyou understand/realize
अवबुध्यसे:
TypeVerb
Rootअव√बुध्
FormPresent, Second, Singular, Atmanepada
सत्यम्truth
सत्यम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसत्य
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
स्वर्गस्यof heaven
स्वर्गस्य:
TypeNoun
Rootस्वर्ग
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
अथthen/indeed/and
अथ:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअथ
सोपानम्ladder/step, means of ascent
सोपानम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसोपान
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
पारावारस्यof the far-and-near shore (i.e., of the ocean/sea)
पारावारस्य:
TypeNoun
Rootपारावार
FormNeuter, Genitive, Singular
नौःboat
नौः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootनौ
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
इवlike/as
इव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव

विदुर उवाच

V
Vidura
K
King (Dhṛtarāṣṭra)
S
svarga (heaven)
P
pārāvāra (ocean/sea)
N
nauḥ (boat)
S
sopāna (ladder/steps)

Educational Q&A

Truthfulness (satya) is presented as the sole, unsurpassed means to attain heaven—just as a boat is the essential means to cross an ocean. Vidura stresses that no alternative—status, strategy, or ritual without truth—can replace satya.

In the Udyoga Parva, Vidura counsels King Dhṛtarāṣṭra during the tense pre-war negotiations. He admonishes the king for not grasping a basic moral principle: that adherence to truth and righteousness must guide royal decision-making, especially amid looming conflict.