Previous Verse
Next Verse

Shloka 121

Adhyaya 32: Saṃjaya’s Return, Audience with Dhṛtarāṣṭra, and Ethical Admonition

य आत्मनापत्रपते भृशं नरः स सर्वलोकस्य गुरुर्भवत्युत । अनन्ततेजा: सुमना: समाहित: स तेजसा सूर्य इवावभासते,जो स्वयं ही अधिक लज्जाशील है, वह सब लोगोंमें श्रेष्ठ समझा जाता है। वह अपने अनन्त तेज, शुद्ध हृदय एवं एकाग्रतासे युक्त होनेके कारण कान्तिमें सूर्यके समान शोभा पाता है

ya ātmanāpatrapate bhṛśaṁ naraḥ sa sarvalokasya gurur bhavaty uta | anantatejāḥ sumanāḥ samāhitaḥ sa tejasā sūrya ivāvabhāsate ||

Vidura sprach: Der Mann, der vor sich selbst tiefe Scham empfindet—den das innere Gewissen streng zügelt—wird wahrlich zum Lehrer und Vorbild für die ganze Welt. Von grenzenloser Ausstrahlung, reinen Sinnes und in Sammlung gefestigt, leuchtet er durch seinen sittlichen Glanz wie die Sonne.

यःwho
यः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
आत्मनाby/with oneself
आत्मना:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootआत्मन्
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
अपत्रपतेfeels shame/is bashful
अपत्रपते:
TypeVerb
Rootअप-त्रप्
FormPresent, Indicative, Atmanepada, 3rd, Singular
भृशम्exceedingly, greatly
भृशम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootभृशम्
नरःman
नरः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootनर
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
सःhe
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
सर्वलोकस्यof all the world/people
सर्वलोकस्य:
TypeNoun
Rootसर्वलोक
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
गुरुःteacher; venerable one; superior
गुरुः:
TypeNoun
Rootगुरु
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
भवतिbecomes/is
भवति:
TypeVerb
Rootभू
FormPresent, Indicative, Parasmaipada, 3rd, Singular
उतand; also; indeed
उत:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootउत
अनन्ततेजाःof endless splendor
अनन्ततेजाः:
TypeAdjective
Rootअनन्ततेजस्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
सुमनाःgood-minded, pure-hearted
सुमनाः:
TypeAdjective
Rootसुमनस्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
समाहितःcollected, concentrated, composed
समाहितः:
TypeAdjective
Rootसम्-आ-धा
Formक्त (past passive participle), Masculine, Nominative, Singular
सःhe
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
तेजसाby splendor, with radiance
तेजसा:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootतेजस्
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
सूर्यःthe sun
सूर्यः:
TypeNoun
Rootसूर्य
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
इवlike, as
इव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव
अवभासतेshines forth, appears radiant
अवभासते:
TypeVerb
Rootअव-भास्
FormPresent, Indicative, Atmanepada, 3rd, Singular

विदुर उवाच

V
Vidura
S
Sun (Sūrya)

Educational Q&A

True moral greatness arises from inner conscience: one who feels deep shame before his own self avoids wrongdoing even without external pressure, and thus becomes a guide for society; such integrity gives a person a radiant, sun-like moral presence.

In Udyoga Parva, Vidura delivers ethical counsel (nīti) amid the tense pre-war negotiations; here he praises the person governed by self-shame and inner restraint as the world’s true ‘guru,’ emphasizing character as the foundation of authority.