Shloka 11

Bhīṣma’s Appraisal of Pāṇḍava-Alliance Warriors (Śikhaṇḍin, Dhṛṣṭadyumna, and Allied Kings)

Devanagari script

न चैषां पुरुषा: केचिदायुधानि गदा: शरान्‌ | विषहन्ति सदा कर्तुमधिज्यान्यपि कौरव

Transliteration

na caiṣāṃ puruṣāḥ kecid āyudhāni gadāḥ śarān | viṣahanti sadā kartuṃ adhijyāny api kaurava, bālair api bhavantas taiḥ sarva eva viśeṣitāḥ |

Translation

Bhishma sprach: „O Kaurava, kein Mann vermag die Schläge ihrer Waffen—Keulen und Pfeile—zu ertragen. Mehr noch: Niemand kann auch nur ihre Bögen bespannen, noch im Kampf ihre schweren Keulen heben, noch ihre Pfeile recht zu führen. Wahrlich, schon in der Kindheit übertrafen sie euch alle—an Schnelligkeit, im Treffen des Ziels, im Essen und Trinken und selbst im Spiel im Staub—und zeichneten sich so als Außergewöhnliche aus.“

Word by Word

• न: not
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• एषाम्: of these (men)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: एतद्
• Form: masculine/neuter, genitive, plural

• पुरुषाः: men
• पुरुषाः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: पुरुष
• Form: masculine, nominative, plural

• केचित्: any/some (at all)
• केचित्: Karta
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: किम् (केचित्)
• Form: masculine, nominative, plural

• आयुधानि: weapons
• आयुधानि: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: आयुध
• Form: neuter, accusative, plural

• गदाः: maces
• गदाः: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: गदा
• Form: feminine, accusative, plural

• शरान्: arrows
• शरान्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: शर
• Form: masculine, accusative, plural

• विषहन्ति: (they) endure/withstand
• Type: Verb
• Root: सह् (वि + सह्)
• Form: present, 3rd, plural, parasmaipada

• सदा: always
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: सदा

• कर्तुम्: to do/to make
• Type: Verb
• Root: कृ
• Form: tumun (infinitive)

• अधिज्यानि: with the bowstring fitted/strung
• अधिज्यानि: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अधिज्या
• Form: neuter, accusative, plural

• अपि: even/also
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अपि

• कौरव: O Kaurava
• Type: Noun
• Root: कौरव
• Form: masculine, vocative, singular

• बालैः: by children / by the young
• बालैः: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: बाल
• Form: masculine, instrumental, plural

• अपि: even
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अपि

• भवन्तः: you (honorific, pl.)
• भवन्तः: Karta
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: भवत्
• Form: masculine, nominative, plural

• तैः: by them
• तैः: Karana
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: masculine/neuter, instrumental, plural

• सर्वे: all
• सर्वे: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सर्व
• Form: masculine, nominative, plural

• एव: indeed/just
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एव

• विशेषिताः: distinguished/surpassed (made inferior)
• Type: Verb
• Root: विशेषित (वि + शिष्/शास् causative/denominative sense)
• Form: past passive participle, masculine, nominative, plural

Speaker

भीष्म उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Bhishma
• Kaurava (addressed person, i.e., Duryodhana)
• weapons (āyudha)
• mace (gadā)
• arrows (śara)
• bow and bowstring (adhijyā)