Previous Verse
Next Verse

Shloka 90

Ulūka’s Provocation and Keśava’s Counter-Message (उलूकदूत्ये केशवप्रत्युत्तरम्)

राष्ट्रान्निर्वासनक्लेशं वनवासं च पाण्डव | कृष्णायाश्व परिक्लेशं संस्मरन्‌ पुरुषो भव,'पाण्डुनन्दन! राज्यसे निर्वासनका, वनवासका और द्रौपदीके अपमानका क्लेश याद करके तो मर्द बनो

sañjaya uvāca | rāṣṭrān nirvāsana-kleśaṁ vanavāsaṁ ca pāṇḍava | kṛṣṇāyāś ca parikleśaṁ saṁsmaran puruṣo bhava ||

Sañjaya sprach: „O Sohn des Pāṇḍu, erinnere dich an den Schmerz, aus dem Reich vertrieben zu werden, an die Härte des Waldexils und an das Leid, das man Kṛṣṇā (Draupadī) zufügte. Bewahre diese Unrechtstaten im Sinn; sei ein Mann—steh fest in deinem Entschluss und handle nach Ehre und Pflicht (Dharma).“

राष्ट्रात्from the kingdom
राष्ट्रात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootराष्ट्र
FormNeuter, Ablative, Singular
निर्वासनbanishment/exile
निर्वासन:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootनिर्वासन
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
क्लेशम्distress, suffering
क्लेशम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootक्लेश
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
वनवासम्dwelling in the forest (forest-exile)
वनवासम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootवनवास
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
पाण्डवO Pandava
पाण्डव:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootपाण्डव
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
कृष्णायाःof Krishna (Draupadi)
कृष्णायाः:
Sambandha
TypeNoun
Rootकृष्णा
FormFeminine, Genitive, Singular
अश्वhorse
अश्व:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअश्व
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
परिक्लेशम्great affliction, humiliation
परिक्लेशम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपरिक्लेश
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
संस्मरन्remembering
संस्मरन्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootसंस्मृ
FormPresent (Shatru participle), Singular, Masculine, Nominative
पुरुषःa man
पुरुषः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपुरुष
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
भवbecome; be
भव:
TypeVerb
Rootभू
FormImperative, Second, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
P
Pāṇḍava (Pāṇḍu’s son)
K
Kṛṣṇā (Draupadī)
R
rāṣṭra (the kingdom)

Educational Q&A

The verse urges moral courage: recalling past injustices—banishment, forest exile, and Draupadī’s humiliation—should strengthen a kṣatriya’s resolve to uphold honor and dharma rather than lapse into weakness or indecision.

In the Udyoga Parva’s pre-war deliberations, Sañjaya’s words function as a spur to the Pāṇḍavas: he invokes their history of suffering and Draupadī’s wrongs to press for firm, decisive action as the conflict with the Kauravas approaches.