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Shloka 17

भीष्मद्रोणयोर्दुर्योधनं प्रति शमोपदेशः | Bhīṣma and Droṇa’s Counsel of Conciliation to Duryodhana

न राज्यहरणं दु:खं द्यूते चापि पराजय: । प्रत्राजनं सुतानां वा न मे तद्‌ दुःखकारणम्‌,श्रीकृष्ण! मुझे राज्यके छिन जानेका उतना दुःख नहीं है। जुएमें हारने और पुत्रोंके वनवास होनेका भी मेरे मनमें उतना महान्‌ दुःख नहीं है, परंतु भरी सभामें मेरी सुन्दरी युवती पुत्रवधू द्रौपदीने रोते हुए जो दुर्योधनके कटुवचन सुने थे, वही मेरे लिये महान्‌ दुःखका कारण बन गया है

na rājyaharaṇaṁ duḥkhaṁ dyūte cāpi parājayaḥ | pratrājanaṁ sutānāṁ vā na me tad duḥkhakāraṇam, śrīkṛṣṇa |

«O Śrī Kṛṣṇa! Nicht der Verlust des Reiches ist mein tiefster Schmerz, nicht einmal die Niederlage im Würfelspiel; auch das Exil und die Mühsal, die meinen Söhnen auferlegt wurden, sind nicht der wahre Grund meines Kummers. Mein größtes Leid ist dies: dass inmitten der vollen Versammlung meine junge, schöne Schwiegertochter Draupadī, unter Tränen, Duryodhanas harte und beschämende Worte ertragen musste.»

not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
राज्यहरणम्the taking away of the kingdom
राज्यहरणम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootराज्यहरण
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
दुःखम्sorrow
दुःखम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootदुःख
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
द्यूतेin gambling / at the dice-game
द्यूते:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootद्यूत
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अपिalso/even
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
पराजयःdefeat
पराजयः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपराजय
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
प्रत्राजनम्banishment/exile
प्रत्राजनम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootप्रत्राजन
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
सुतानाम्of (my) sons
सुतानाम्:
TypeNoun
Rootसुत
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
वाor
वा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवा
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
मेfor me / of me
मे:
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
FormGenitive, Singular
तत्that
तत्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
दुःखकारणम्cause of sorrow
दुःखकारणम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootदुःखकारण
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular

पुत्र उवाच

Ś
Śrī Kṛṣṇa
D
Draupadī
D
Duryodhana
T
the (Kuru) assembly hall (sabhā)
T
the kingdom (rājya)
T
the dice-game (dyūta)
T
the sons (sutāḥ; i.e., the Pāṇḍavas)

Educational Q&A

The verse ranks sufferings: material loss (kingdom), personal setback (defeat at dice), and even family hardship (sons’ exile) are portrayed as less painful than the moral injury of a woman’s public humiliation. It highlights that adharma—especially dishonor inflicted in a public court—creates a deeper wound than political or economic loss, and becomes a decisive ethical reason for seeking redress.

In Udyoga Parva, as war becomes imminent, the speaker (the ‘son’, i.e., Yudhiṣṭhira in context) speaks to Śrī Kṛṣṇa about what truly torments him. He says that the central grief is not the loss of the kingdom or the dice defeat, but Draupadī’s suffering in the assembly where she had to hear Duryodhana’s cruel insults—an outrage that demands justice.