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Shloka 15

Adharmic Victory as Unstable; Rules of Restraint, Mediation, and Conciliation (अधर्मविजय-अध्रुवत्व तथा क्षमा-नयः)

नामित्रो विनिकर्तव्यो नातिच्छेद्य:ः कथठ्चन । जीवित हाृप्यतिच्छिन्न: संत्यजेच्च कदाचन,शत्रुके साथ छल नहीं करना चाहिये। उसे किसी प्रकार भी अत्यन्त उच्छिन्न करना उचित नहीं है। अत्यन्त क्षत-विक्षत कर देनेपर वह कभी अपने जीवनका त्याग भी कर सकता है

bhīṣma uvāca | nāmitro vinikartavyo nāticchedyaḥ kathaṃcana | jīvitaṃ hṛpyaticchinnaḥ saṃtyajec ca kadācana ||

Bhishma sprach: „Man soll den Feind nicht täuschen, noch ihn auf irgendeine Weise übermäßig verstümmeln oder niedermetzeln. Wird einem Menschen die Grundlage seines Lebens entzogen und wird er schwer verwundet, so kann er in Verzweiflung sogar sein Leben aufgeben.“

not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अमित्रःenemy
अमित्रः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअमित्र
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
विनिकर्तव्यःto be cut down / to be mutilated
विनिकर्तव्यः:
TypeAdjective
Rootविनि-√कृत
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular, Gerundive (तव्यत्), Passive necessity
nor / not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अतिच्छेद्यःto be excessively cut / to be cut to pieces
अतिच्छेद्यः:
TypeAdjective
Rootअति-√छिद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular, Gerundive (यत्), Passive necessity
कथंचनin any way / at all
कथंचन:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootकथंचन
जीवितम्life
जीवितम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootजीवित
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
हृतःtaken away / deprived
हृतः:
TypeAdjective
Root√हृ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular, Past passive participle (क्त), Passive
अतिच्छिन्नःexcessively cut / grievously wounded
अतिच्छिन्नः:
TypeAdjective
Rootअति-√छिद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular, Past passive participle (क्त), Passive
सःhe
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
त्यजेत्might abandon / should give up
त्यजेत्:
TypeVerb
Root√त्यज्
FormOptative (विधिलिङ्), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
कदाचनever / at any time
कदाचन:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootकदाचन

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma
E
enemy (amitra)

Educational Q&A

Even in conflict, dharma requires restraint: do not mutilate or excessively harm an enemy. Cruel overkill that destroys a person’s capacity to live can drive him to despair and self-destruction, which is ethically blameworthy.

In the Shanti Parva’s instruction on righteous conduct, Bhishma advises Yudhishthira on humane limits in warfare and punishment, warning against brutal treatment of foes.