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Shloka 35

राजधर्मः—प्रमादवर्जनं, दण्डनीतिः, दुर्बलरक्षणम्

Royal Dharma: Vigilance, Just Punishment, Protection of the Vulnerable

पापमाचरतो यत्र कर्मणा व्याहृतेन वा | प्रियस्यापि न मृष्येत स राज्ञो धर्म उच्यते,प्रिय-से-प्रिय व्यक्ति भी यदि क्रिया अथवा वाणीद्वारा पाप करे तो राजाको चाहिये कि उसे भी क्षमा न करे अर्थात्‌ उसे भी यथायोग्य दण्ड दे। जो ऐसा बर्ताव है, वह राजाका धर्म कहलाता है

pāpam ācarato yatra karmaṇā vyāhṛtena vā | priyasyāpi na mṛṣyeta sa rājño dharma ucyate ||

Wo immer jemand Unrecht begeht — durch Tat oder durch Wort — darf der König es nicht übersehen, selbst wenn der Täter ihm lieb ist. Diese unparteiische Weigerung, Sünde zu entschuldigen, gilt als das Dharma des Königs.

पापम्sin, evil (act)
पापम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपाप (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
आचरतःof (one) doing/practising
आचरतः:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootआ-चर् (धातु)
Formशतृ (वर्तमान कृदन्त, परस्मैपदी), Masculine/Neuter, Genitive, Singular
यत्रwhere/when (in the case that)
यत्र:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयत्र (अव्यय)
कर्मणाby an act/deed
कर्मणा:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootकर्मन् (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
व्याहृतेनby an utterance/what is spoken
व्याहृतेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootवि-आ-हृ (धातु) / व्याहृत (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
Formक्त (भूतकृदन्त), Neuter, Instrumental, Singular
वाor
वा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवा (अव्यय)
प्रियस्यof a dear (person)
प्रियस्य:
TypeAdjective
Rootप्रिय (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Singular
अपिeven, also
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि (अव्यय)
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन (अव्यय)
मृष्येतshould not tolerate/forbear
मृष्येत:
TypeVerb
Rootमृष् (धातु)
FormVidhi-linga, Optative (injunctive sense: should), 3rd, Singular, Atmanepada
सःthat (this)
सः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
राज्ञःof the king
राज्ञः:
TypeNoun
Rootराजन् (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
धर्मःduty, law, righteousness
धर्मः:
TypeNoun
Rootधर्म (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
उच्यतेis said/called
उच्यते:
TypeVerb
Rootवच् (धातु)
FormLat, Present, 3rd, Singular, Atmanepada, Passive

उतथ्य उवाच

U
Utathya
K
king (rājā)

Educational Q&A

A king’s dharma is impartial justice: wrongdoing must not be excused due to personal affection. Whether the offense is by deed or by speech, the ruler should not tolerate it and should apply appropriate correction/punishment.

Utathya is instructing on rāja-dharma (the duties of kingship), emphasizing that governance must rise above favoritism. The verse frames even a beloved person as accountable under the same standard of law and ethics.