Shloka 17
आपद्धर्मे वैश्यवृत्तिः, विक्रय-निषेधाः, तथा ब्रह्म-क्षत्र-सम्बन्धः
Emergency Livelihood, Prohibited Trade, and Brahman–Kshatra Regulation
Devanagari script
यदा भुवि जयी राजा क्षेमं राष्ट्रेडभिसंदधेत् । तदा वर्णा यथाधर्म निविशेयु: कथंचन
Translation
Wenn ein siegreicher König auf Erden in seinem Reich eine heilsame Herrschaft begründen will, dann muss er, auf welche Weise auch immer, alle Stände dazu anhalten, ihr jeweiliges Dharma zu erfüllen.
Word by Word
यदाwhen
यदा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयदा
भुविon earth
भुवि:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootभू
FormFeminine, Locative, Singular
जयीvictorious
जयी:
TypeAdjective
Rootजयिन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
राजाking
राजा:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
क्षेमम्welfare, security
क्षेमम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootक्षेम
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
राष्ट्रेin the kingdom/state
राष्ट्रे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootराष्ट्र
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
अभिसंदधेत्should establish/arrange
अभिसंदधेत्:
TypeVerb
Rootसम्-धा (अभि-सम्-धा)
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
तदाthen
तदा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतदा
वर्णाःthe social classes (varnas)
वर्णाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootवर्ण
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
यथाaccording to
यथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयथा
धर्मम्duty/law
धर्मम्:
TypeNoun
Rootधर्म
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
निविशेयुःshould settle/engage (themselves)
निविशेयुः:
TypeVerb
Rootनि-विश्
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Plural, Parasmaipada
कथंचनsomehow, by any means
कथंचन:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootकथंचन
Speaker
भीष्म उवाच
Character Dynamics
Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)
War Context
Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Philosophical Teaching
Political Layer
Meter (Chandas)
Sandhi Notes