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Shloka 11

राज्ञो वृत्त-गुण-संग्रहः (Conduct and the Thirty-Six Virtues of a King) / The King’s Code of Conduct

प्रहरेन्न त्वविज्ञाय हत्वा शत्रूनू न शोचयेत्‌ । क्रोधं कुर्यान्न चाकस्मान्मृदुः स्यान्नापकारिषु,३३-बिना जाने किसीपर प्रहार न करे। ३४-शत्रुओंको मारकर शोक न करे। ३५- अकस्मात्‌ किसीपर क्रोध न करे तथा ३६-कोमल हो, परंतु अपकार करनेवालोंके लिये नहीं

praharenna tv avijñāya hatvā śatrūn na śocayet | krodhaṃ kuryān na cākasmān mṛduḥ syān nāpakāriṣu ||

Bhīṣma sagte: Man soll nicht zuschlagen, ohne die Sache zuvor verstanden zu haben. Hat man die Feinde erschlagen, soll man nicht in Trauer versinken. Man soll nicht einem plötzlichen, grundlosen Zorn nachgeben. Und man soll sanft sein — doch nicht gegenüber denen, die Schaden stiften.

प्रहरेत्should strike/attack
प्रहरेत्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootप्र-हृ (धातु)
FormVidhi-lin (optative), 3rd, singular, Parasmaipada
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
तुbut
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
अविज्ञायwithout knowing/without ascertaining
अविज्ञाय:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअविज्ञाय (वि-ज्ञा धातोः ल्यप्)
Formल्यप् (absolutive/gerund)
हत्वाhaving slain
हत्वा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहत्वा (हन् धातोः क्त्वा)
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund)
शत्रून्enemies
शत्रून्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootशत्रु
Formmasculine, accusative, plural
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
शोचयेत्should grieve/should lament
शोचयेत्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootशुच् (धातु) (णिच्)
FormVidhi-lin (optative), 3rd, singular, Parasmaipada, causative (णिच्)
क्रोधम्anger
क्रोधम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootक्रोध
Formmasculine, accusative, singular
कुर्यात्should do/make
कुर्यात्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootकृ (धातु)
FormVidhi-lin (optative), 3rd, singular, Parasmaipada
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
आकस्मात्suddenly/without cause
आकस्मात्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootआकस्मात्
मृदुःgentle/soft
मृदुः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootमृदु
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
स्यात्should be
स्यात्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootअस् (धातु)
FormVidhi-lin (optative), 3rd, singular, Parasmaipada
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अपकारिषुtowards wrongdoers/harm-doers
अपकारिषु:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootअपकारिन्
Formmasculine, locative, plural

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma
E
enemies (śatravaḥ)

Educational Q&A

Act with discernment and restraint: verify before using force, do not be consumed by remorse after necessary battle, avoid causeless anger, and practice gentleness tempered by firmness toward harm-doers.

In the Śānti Parva’s instruction on righteous conduct, Bhīṣma teaches Yudhiṣṭhira principles of disciplined action and emotional control suited to governance and conflict.