Shloka 11

Yudhiṣṭhira’s Lament for Karṇa and Renunciation-Oriented Self-Assessment (शोक-प्रलापः / त्याग-प्रवृत्तिः)

Devanagari script

ये जो हमारे सगे-सम्बन्धी मारे गये हैं, इनका परित्याग तो हमें समस्त पृथ्वी, राशि- राशि सुवर्ण और समूचे गाय-घोड़े पाकर भी नहीं करना चाहिये था

Transliteration

ye no 'smākaṃ saga-sambandhino hatāḥ, teṣāṃ parityāgo naivāsmābhiḥ kartavya āsīt; sarvāṃ pṛthivīṃ prāpya, rāśi-rāśi suvarṇaṃ prāpya, samagrān gāvaś ca aśvāṃś ca prāpya api

Translation

Yudhiṣṭhira sprach: „Unsere eigenen Verwandten sind erschlagen worden. Selbst wenn wir die ganze Erde, Berge von Gold und sämtliches Rind- und Pferdevieh gewonnen hätten, hätten wir niemals darin einwilligen dürfen, sie preiszugeben. Solcher Gewinn kann den Verlust der Eigenen nicht aufwiegen.“

Word by Word

• ये: those who
• ये: Karta
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• यः: who
• यः: Karta
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• अस्माकम्: of us / our
• अस्माकम्: Adhikarana
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: अस्मद्
• Form: —, Genitive, Plural

• सगाः: own, close (kinsmen)
• सगाः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सग
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• सम्बन्धिनः: relations
• सम्बन्धिनः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: सम्बन्धिन्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• हताः: killed / slain
• हताः: Karta
• Type: Verb
• Root: हन्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural, क्त (past passive participle)

• सन्ति: are
• सन्ति: Karta
• Type: Verb
• Root: अस्
• Form: Present, 3rd, Plural, Parasmaipada

• एषाम्: of these
• एषाम्: Adhikarana
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: एतद्
• Form: Masculine/Neuter, Genitive, Plural

• परित्यागः: abandonment
• परित्यागः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: परित्याग
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• तु: but / indeed
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तु

• अस्माभिः: by us
• अस्माभिः: Karana
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: अस्मद्
• Form: —, Instrumental, Plural

• न: not
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न

• कर्तव्यः: ought to be done
• कर्तव्यः: Karta
• Type: Verb
• Root: कृ
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular, तव्यत् (gerundive/obligatory)

• आसीत्: was
• Type: Verb
• Root: अस्
• Form: Imperfect, 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada

• समस्ताम्: entire
• समस्ताम्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: समस्त
• Form: Feminine, Accusative, Singular

• पृथिवीम्: earth
• पृथिवीम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: पृथिवी
• Form: Feminine, Accusative, Singular

• राशि-राशि: heaps upon heaps
• राशि-राशि: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: राशि
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• सुवर्णम्: gold
• सुवर्णम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: सुवर्ण
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• समूचान्: all, entire
• समूचान्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: समूच
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Plural

• गवाश्वान्: cows and horses
• गवाश्वान्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: गो + अश्व
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Plural

• प्राप्य: having obtained
• Type: Verb
• Root: प्र + आप्
• Form: ल्यप् (absolutive/gerund)

• अपि: even
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अपि

Speaker

युधिछिर उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Yudhiṣṭhira
• kinsmen/relatives
• earth (pṛthivī)
• gold (suvarṇa)
• cows/cattle (gāvaḥ)
• horses (aśvāḥ)