Shloka 11

यश्न त्रयाणां वर्णानामिच्छेदाश्रमसेवनम्‌ । चातुराश्रम्यदृष्टांश्न॒ धर्मास्तान्‌ शृणु पाण्डव,पाण्डुनन्दन! जो राजा अपने राज्यमें तीनों वर्णों (ब्राह्मण, क्षत्रिय, वैश्य) के द्वारा शास्त्रोक्त रूपसे आश्रम-धर्मका सेवन कराना चाहता हो, उसके लिये जानने योग्य जो चारों आश्रमोंके लिये उपयोगी धर्म हैं, उनका वर्णन करता हूँ, सुनो

Bhīṣma uvāca: yas triṇāṁ varṇānām icched āśrama-sevanam | cāturāśramya-dṛṣṭāṁś ca dharmās tān śṛṇu pāṇḍava ||

Bhishma sprach: O Pandava, wenn ein König wünscht, dass die drei Stände—Brahmanen, Kshatriyas und Vaishyas—die in den Schriften gelehrten Disziplinen der Āśramas ordnungsgemäß ausüben, so höre: Ich will jene Pflichten darlegen, die im Hinblick auf das System der vier Āśramas heilsam sind.

यःwho (he who)
यः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
त्रयाणाम्of three
त्रयाणाम्:
TypeNumeral/Adjective
Rootत्रि
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Plural
वर्णानाम्of the social classes (varṇas)
वर्णानाम्:
TypeNoun
Rootवर्ण
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
इच्छेत्should desire / would wish
इच्छेत्:
TypeVerb
Rootइष्
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
आश्रम-सेवनम्practice/observance of the āśramas
आश्रम-सेवनम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootआश्रम-सेवन
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
चातुराश्रम्य-दृष्टान्seen/recognized in the system of four āśramas
चातुराश्रम्य-दृष्टान्:
TypeAdjective
Rootचातुराश्रम्य-दृष्ट
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
धर्मान्duties / dharmas
धर्मान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootधर्म
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
तान्those
तान्:
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
शृणुhear / listen
शृणु:
TypeVerb
Rootश्रु
FormImperative (Lot), 2nd, Singular, Parasmaipada
पाण्डवO Pāṇḍava
पाण्डव:
TypeNoun (Vocative address)
Rootपाण्डव
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
पाण्डु-नन्दनO son of Pāṇḍu
पाण्डु-नन्दन:
TypeNoun (Vocative address)
Rootपाण्डु-नन्दन
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhīṣma
P
Pāṇḍava (Yudhiṣṭhira)
T
three varṇas (brāhmaṇa, kṣatriya, vaiśya)
F
four āśramas (brahmacarya, gṛhastha, vānaprastha, saṁnyāsa)

Educational Q&A

A king who seeks a stable and righteous realm should ensure that the three varṇas follow scripturally grounded āśrama-duties; Bhishma introduces the general dharmas that support the four-āśrama system as a framework for social and ethical order.

In the Śānti Parva dialogue, Bhishma continues instructing Yudhiṣṭhira on dharma after the war. Here he signals a transition: he is about to outline the duties relevant to the four āśramas, aimed especially at guiding royal governance and public conduct.