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Shloka 39

Āśrama-dharma: Duties of the Four Life-Stages (आश्रमधर्मः)

शूद्र: पैजवनो नाम सहस्राणां शतं ददौ | ऐन्द्राग्नेन विधानेन दक्षिणामिति न: श्रुतम्‌,हमने सुना है कि पैजवन नामक शाद्रने ऐन्द्राग्न यज्ञकी विधिसे मन्त्रहीन यज्ञका अनुष्ठान करके उसकी दक्षिणाके रूपमें एक लाख पूर्णपात्र दान किये थे

śūdraḥ paijavano nāma sahasrāṇāṃ śataṃ dadau | aindrāgnena vidhānena dakṣiṇām iti naḥ śrutam ||

Bhishma sprach: „Wir haben gehört, dass ein Śūdra namens Paijavana hunderttausend als Opfergaben (dakṣiṇā) gab, dargebracht nach dem Ritus, der mit Indra und Agni verbunden ist.“ Damit wird hervorgehoben, dass sittlicher Wert an Großzügigkeit und an der Befolgung der vorgeschriebenen Opferpflicht gemessen wird, nicht bloß am sozialen Rang.

शूद्रःa Shudra (man of the Shudra class)
शूद्रः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootशूद्र
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
पैजवनःPaijavana (proper name)
पैजवनः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपैजवन
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
नामby name / named
नाम:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootनामन्
सहस्राणाम्of thousands
सहस्राणाम्:
TypeNoun
Rootसहस्र
FormNeuter, Genitive, Plural
शतम्a hundred
शतम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootशत
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
ददौgave
ददौ:
TypeVerb
Rootदा (दाने)
FormPerfect (Liṭ), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
ऐन्द्राग्नेनwith the Indra-and-Agni (rite/arrangement)
ऐन्द्राग्नेन:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootऐन्द्राग्न
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
विधानेनby the prescribed procedure / arrangement
विधानेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootविधान
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
दक्षिणाम्the sacrificial fee (dakṣiṇā)
दक्षिणाम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootदक्षिणा
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
इतिthus (quotative)
इति:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति
नःof us / to us
नः:
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
Form—, Genitive, Plural
श्रुतम्heard (it is heard/known)
श्रुतम्:
TypeVerb
Rootश्रु (श्रवणे)
Formक्त (past passive participle), Neuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhīṣma
P
Paijavana
Ś
Śūdra
I
Indra
A
Agni
D
dakṣiṇā (sacrificial fee)

Educational Q&A

The verse underscores that dharmic merit is strongly tied to dāna (generous giving) performed in accordance with proper ritual norms; exemplary virtue can be found irrespective of social category.

Bhīṣma cites a traditional report about a Śūdra named Paijavana who, following an Indra–Agni-related sacrificial procedure, gave an immense dakṣiṇā (sacrificial gift/fee), using the example to support a broader discussion of dharma and the power of generosity.