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Shloka 3

अध्याय ५७ — राज्ञः नित्यप्रयत्नः, रक्षा-प्रधानता, तथा त्याग-नीतिः

Chapter 57: Constant Royal Vigilance, Primacy of Protection, and Principles of Dismissal

द्वाविमौ ग्रसते भूमि: सर्पो बिलशयानिव । राजानं चाविरोद्धारं ब्राह्मणं चाप्रवासिनम्‌,जैसे साँप बिलमें रहनेवाले चूहोंको निगल जाता है, उसी प्रकार दूसरोंसे लड़ाई न करनेवाले राजा तथा विद्याध्ययन आदिके लिये घर छोड़कर अन्यत्र न जानेवाले ब्राह्मणको पृथ्वी निगल जाती है (अर्थात्‌ वे पुरुषार्थ-साधन किये बिना ही मर जाते हैं)”

dvāv imau grasate bhūmiḥ sarpo bilaśayān iva | rājānaṃ cāviruddhāraṃ brāhmaṇaṃ cāpravāsinam ||

Bhishma sprach: „Die Erde verschlingt diese beiden, wie eine Schlange die in Höhlen wohnenden Geschöpfe verschlingt: den König, der den Angreifern nicht entgegentritt, und den Brahmanen, der das Haus nicht verlässt, um höhere Lehre und strenge Übung zu suchen. Solche Männer, die in ihren eigenen Pflichten nicht streben, gehen zugrunde, ohne die Mittel menschlicher Erfüllung zu erlangen.“

द्वौtwo
द्वौ:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootद्वि
FormMasculine, Nominative, Dual
इमौthese two
इमौ:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootइदम्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Dual
ग्रसतेswallows, devours
ग्रसते:
TypeVerb
Rootग्रस्
FormPresent (Lat), 3rd, Singular, Atmanepada
भूमिःthe earth
भूमिः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootभूमि
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
सर्पःa snake
सर्पः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसर्प
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
बिलशयान्those dwelling in holes (burrow-dwellers)
बिलशयान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootबिलशय
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
इवlike, as
इव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव
राजानम्a king
राजानम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अविरोद्धारम्non-opposing, not resisting (not engaging in conflict)
अविरोद्धारम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootअविरोद्धार
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
ब्राह्मणम्a Brahmin
ब्राह्मणम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootब्राह्मण
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अप्रवासिनम्not going abroad; not leaving home (for study etc.)
अप्रवासिनम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootअप्रवासिन्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma
E
Earth (Bhumi)
S
Serpent (Sarpa)
K
King (Raja)
B
Brahmin (Brahmana)
B
Burrow/hole (Bila)

Educational Q&A

Bhishma warns that neglect of one’s svadharma leads to ruin: a king must actively restrain and oppose wrongdoing, and a Brahmin must pursue disciplined learning and spiritual practice, even if it requires leaving home. Without such purposeful effort, life is ‘swallowed by the earth’—ending without meaningful attainment.

In the Shanti Parva’s instruction on dharma, Bhishma addresses Yudhishthira and uses a vivid simile: as a snake consumes burrow-dwelling creatures, so the earth consumes (i.e., time and mortality overtake) two negligent types—an unresisting king and a Brahmin who does not undertake the outward discipline of study and practice.