Shloka 22

Devanagari script

जनक उवाच न विना ज्ञानविज्ञाने मोक्षस्याधिगमो भवेत्‌ | न विना गुरुसम्बन्ध॑ ज्ञानस्याधिगम: स्मृत:,जनकने कहा--्रह्मन! जैसे ज्ञान-विज्ञानके बिना मोक्षकी प्राप्ति नहीं होती, उसी प्रकार सदगुरुसे सम्बन्ध हुए बिना ज्ञानकी प्राप्ति नहीं हो सकती

Transliteration

janaka uvāca | na vinā jñāna-vijñāne mokṣasyādhigamo bhavet | na vinā guru-sambandhaṁ jñānasyādhigamaḥ smṛtaḥ |

Translation

Janaka sprach: „Ohne Wissen und verwirklichte Einsicht kann die Erlangung der Befreiung nicht stattfinden. Ebenso wird gelehrt, dass Wissen nicht wahrhaft gewonnen wird ohne eine lebendige Verbindung zu einem echten Lehrer.“

Word by Word

जनकःJanaka

उवाचsaid

नnot

विनाwithout

ज्ञान-विज्ञानेin/with knowledge and realization (vijñāna)

मोक्षस्यof liberation

अधिगमःattainment

भवेत्would be / can occur

नnot

विनाwithout

गुरु-सम्बन्धम्connection/association with a teacher (guru)

ज्ञानस्यof knowledge

अधिगमःattainment

स्मृतःis considered/remembered (as)

Speaker

जनक उवाच

Characters & Entities

Janaka

Guru

Character Dynamics

Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)

Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)

Philosophical Teaching

Political Layer

Geographic Context

Meter (Chandas)

Sandhi Notes

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

Liberation requires both jñāna (right understanding) and vijñāna (realized, discriminative insight), and such knowledge is traditionally said to arise through a genuine relationship with a competent guru rather than through isolated study alone.

What is happening in the narrative?

In the didactic setting of the Śānti Parva, Janaka speaks as a teacher-king in a discourse on liberation, emphasizing the necessity of realized knowledge and the indispensable role of the guru–disciple connection in attaining it.