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Shloka 30

Utkramaṇa-sthāna and Ariṣṭa-lakṣaṇa: Yājñavalkya’s Instruction on Departure Pathways and Mortality Signs

यदा त्वेष गुणानेतान्‌ प्राकृतानभिमन्यते । तदा स गुणहान्यै त॑ परमेवानुपश्यति,गुण तो गुणवानमें ही रहते हैं। निर्गुण आत्मामें गुण कैसे रह सकते हैं। अतः गुणोंके स्वरूपको जाननेवाले विद्वान्‌ पुरुषोंका यही सिद्धान्त है कि जब जीवात्मा इन गुणोंको प्रकृतिका कार्य मानकर उनमें अपनेपनका अभिमान त्याग देता है, उस समय वह देह आदिमें आत्मबुद्धिका परित्याग करके अपने विशुद्ध परमात्म-स्वरूपका साक्षात्कार करता है

yadā tveṣa guṇān etān prākṛtān abhimanyate | tadā sa guṇahānyai taṁ paramevānupaśyati ||

Vasiṣṭha sprach: „Wenn dieses Selbst diese guṇas als Erzeugnisse der Prakṛti betrachtet und in ihnen die Vorstellungen von ‚Ich‘ und ‚Mein‘ aufgibt, dann schaut es—durch das Erlöschen der Identifikation mit den guṇas—allein das Höchste. Indem es die irrige Selbstvorstellung im Körper und im Übrigen abstreift, verwirklicht es seine eigene reine, höchste Natur.“

यदाwhen
यदा:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयदा
Formtemporal adverb
तुbut/indeed
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
Formparticle
एषःthis (one)
एषः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
गुणान्qualities (gunas)
गुणान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootगुण
Formmasculine, accusative, plural
एतान्these
एतान्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्
Formmasculine, accusative, plural
प्राकृतान्belonging to Prakriti/natural
प्राकृतान्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootप्राकृत
Formmasculine, accusative, plural
अभिमन्यतेthinks/considers (as his own)
अभिमन्यते:
TypeVerb
Rootअभि√मन्
Formpresent, 3rd person, singular, Ātmanepada
तदाthen
तदा:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतदा
Formtemporal adverb
सःhe
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
गुणहान्यैfor the loss/cessation of the gunas
गुणहान्यै:
Sampradana
TypeNoun
Rootगुणहानि
Formfeminine, dative, singular
तत्that (state/goal)
तत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
Formneuter, accusative, singular
परमेवthe supreme itself/indeed the highest
परमेव:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootपरम + एव
Formneuter, accusative, singular (used adverbially/intensively with एव)
अनुपश्यतिperceives/realizes
अनुपश्यति:
TypeVerb
Rootअनु√पश्
Formpresent, 3rd person, singular, Parasmaipada

वसिष्ठ उवाच

वसिष्ठ (Vasiṣṭha)
गुण (guṇas)
प्रकृति (Prakṛti)
परम (the Supreme/Paramātman)

Educational Q&A

Liberation arises when one recognizes the guṇas as merely Prakṛti’s workings and drops egoic ownership of them; with guṇa-identification ended, one directly realizes the Supreme and one’s own pure nature beyond body and mind.

Vasiṣṭha is instructing about inner renunciation and discernment: the seeker shifts from identifying with material qualities and bodily self-notions to witnessing them as Prakṛti, culminating in realization of the highest Self (Paramātman).