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Shloka 33

अव्यक्तकालमान-निर्णयः

Measures of Time from the Unmanifest; Creation, Elements, and the Primacy of Mind

यदि सन्तं सेवति यद्यसन्तं तपस्विनं यदि वा स्तेनमेव । वासो यथा रंगवशं प्रयाति तथा स तेषां वशमभ्युपैति,जैसे वस्त्र जिस रंगमें रँगा जाय, वैसा ही हो जाता है, उसी प्रकार यदि कोई सज्जन, असज्जन, तपस्वी अथवा चोरका सेवन करता है तो वह उन्हीं-जैसा हो जाता है अर्थात्‌ उसपर उन्हींका रंग चढ़ जाता है

yadi santaṁ sevati yady asantaṁ tapasvinaṁ yadi vā stenam eva | vāso yathā raṅgavaśaṁ prayāti tathā sa teṣāṁ vaśam abhyupaiti ||

Ob einer mit Tugendhaften oder mit Bösen Umgang hat, mit einem Asketen oder gar mit einem Dieb—er gerät unter ihren Einfluss. Wie ein Tuch die Farbe annimmt, in die man es taucht, so wird auch der Mensch wie jene, deren Gesellschaft er sucht, und übernimmt ihre Eigenschaften und ihre Art.

यदिif
यदि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयदि
सन्तम्a good person
सन्तम्:
Karma
TypeNoun/Adjective
Rootसत्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
सेवतिserves/associates with
सेवति:
TypeVerb
Rootसेव्
FormPresent, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
यदिif
यदि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयदि
असन्तम्a bad person
असन्तम्:
Karma
TypeNoun/Adjective
Rootअसत्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
तपस्विनम्an ascetic
तपस्विनम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootतपस्विन्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
यदिif
यदि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयदि
वाor
वा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवा
स्तेनम्a thief
स्तेनम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootस्तेन
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
एवindeed/just
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
वासःcloth/garment
वासः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootवासस्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
यथाas/just as
यथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयथा
रङ्ग-वशम्under the influence of a dye/color
रङ्ग-वशम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootरङ्ग + वश
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
प्रयातिgoes/comes to
प्रयाति:
TypeVerb
Rootप्र-या
FormPresent, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
तथाso/in the same way
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा
सःhe
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
तेषाम्of them
तेषाम्:
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
वशम्control/influence
वशम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootवश
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
अभ्युपैतिapproaches/comes under
अभ्युपैति:
TypeVerb
Rootअभि-उप-इ
FormPresent, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada

हंस उवाच

हंस (Haṁsa)
सत्/सज्जन (the virtuous person)
असत्/असज्जन (the wicked person)
तपस्विन् (ascetic)
स्तेन (thief)
वासः (cloth/garment)
रङ्ग (dye/color)

Educational Q&A

A person’s character is shaped by association: keeping company with the virtuous cultivates virtue, while associating with the wicked or criminals leads one to adopt their qualities—like cloth absorbing the dye it is placed in.

Haṁsa speaks in a didactic context within Śānti Parva, using a simple metaphor (cloth taking dye) to instruct that companionship and service/attendance (sevanā) place one under another’s influence, thereby transforming one’s conduct and disposition.