Shloka 31
Vidyā–Avidyā and the Twenty-Fifth Principle
Sāṃkhya–Yoga Clarification
Devanagari script
सुखे तु वर्तमानो वै दुःखे वापि नरोत्तम | सुवृत्ताद् यो न चलते शास्त्रचक्षु;ः स मानव:
Transliteration
sukhe tu vartamāno vai duḥkhe vāpi narottama | suvṛttād yo na calate śāstracakṣuḥ sa mānavaḥ ||
Translation
Ob er im Glück lebt oder im Leid steht, o Bester der Menschen: Wer, vom unterscheidenden Auge der Śāstras geleitet, nicht von guter Lebensführung abweicht, der ist wahrhaft ein Mensch von Wert.
Word by Word
सुखेin happiness
सुखे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootसुख
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
तुbut/indeed
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
वर्तमानःbeing/remaining (present)
वर्तमानः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootवर्तमान
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
वैindeed/verily
वै:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवै
दुःखेin sorrow
दुःखे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootदुःख
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
वाor
वा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवा
अपिalso/even
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
नर-उत्तमःthe best of men
नर-उत्तमः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootनरोत्तम
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
सुवृत्तात्from good conduct
सुवृत्तात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootसुवृत्त
FormNeuter, Ablative, Singular
यःwho
यः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
नnot
न:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन
चलतेdeviates/moves
चलते:
TypeVerb
Rootचल्
FormPresent, Third, Singular, Atmanepada
शास्त्र-चक्षुःhaving scripture as (his) eye; guided by scripture
शास्त्र-चक्षुः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootशास्त्रचक्षुस्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
सःhe
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
मानवःman/person
मानवः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमानव
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
Speaker
पराशर उवाच
Characters & Entities
P
ParāśaraN
narottamaVerse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Geographic Context
Sandhi Notes