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Shloka 1

Haṃsa–Sādhya Saṃvāda: Satya, Dama, Kṣamā and the Discipline of Speech

अड-#-रू- अष्टाशीत्याधिकद्विशततमो< ध्याय: अरिषप्टनेमिका राजा सगरको वैराग्योत्पादक मोक्षविषयक उपदेश युधिछिर उवाच कथं नु युक्त: पृथिवीं चरेदस्मद्विधो नृप: । नित्यं कैश्व गुणैर्युक्त: संगपाशाद्‌ विमुच्यते,युधिष्ठिरने पूछा--दादाजी! मेरे-जैसा राजा कैसे साधन और व्यवहारसे युक्त होकर पृथ्वीपर विचरे और सदा किन गुणोंसे सम्पन्न होकर वह आसक्तिके बन्धनसे मुक्त हो?

Yudhiṣṭhira uvāca: kathaṁ nu yuktaḥ pṛthivīṁ cared asmad-vidho nṛpaḥ? nityaṁ kaiś ca guṇair yuktaḥ saṅga-pāśād vimucyate?

Yudhiṣṭhira sprach: „Wie soll ein König wie ich auf Erden leben und sich bewegen—welche Zucht und welches Verhalten sollen ihn leiten? Und durch welche Tugenden, die er unablässig pflegt, kann er sich aus der Schlinge der Anhaftung lösen?“

युधिष्ठिरःYudhiṣṭhira
युधिष्ठिरः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootयुधिष्ठिर
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
उवाचsaid
उवाच:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormPerfect, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
कथम्how
कथम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootकथम्
नुindeed/then (emphasis)
नु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootनु
युक्तःendowed/engaged; properly disciplined
युक्तः:
TypeAdjective
Rootयुक्त
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
पृथिवीम्the earth
पृथिवीम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपृथिवी
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
चरेत्should move about/should conduct himself
चरेत्:
TypeVerb
Rootचर्
FormOptative, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
अस्मद्विधःone like me/of my kind
अस्मद्विधः:
TypeAdjective
Rootअस्मद्विध
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
नृपःking
नृपः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootनृप
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
नित्यम्always
नित्यम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootनित्यम्
कैःby which (qualities)
कैः:
Karana
TypePronoun
Rootकिम्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Plural
गुणैःby qualities/virtues
गुणैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootगुण
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
युक्तःendowed (with)
युक्तः:
TypeAdjective
Rootयुक्त
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
सङ्गपाशात्from the noose of attachment
सङ्गपाशात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootसङ्गपाश
FormMasculine, Ablative, Singular
विमुच्यतेis freed/is released
विमुच्यते:
TypeVerb
Rootमुच्
FormPresent, Third, Singular, Atmanepada (Passive)

युधिछिर उवाच

Y
Yudhiṣṭhira
A
a king (nṛpa)
T
the earth/kingdom (pṛthivī)

Educational Q&A

The verse frames the ethical problem of rulership: a king must govern and act in the world, yet seek freedom from binding attachment. It introduces the ideal of disciplined action supported by steady virtues, so that power and responsibility do not become a cause of bondage.

In Śānti Parva, Yudhiṣṭhira, seeking guidance after the war, asks an elder teacher how a ruler like himself should conduct his life and what qualities enable liberation from attachment while still performing royal duties.